Injury Flashcards
State and describe the types of fractures.
Closed - when the bone breaks but stays inside the skin.
Open - when the bone breaks and comes out through the skin.
State and describe a joint injury.
Dislocation - when the bones of a joint are wrenched apart.
State and describe the types of soft tissue injuries.
Sprains - when ligaments are overstretched or torn around a joint
Strains - when a muscle or tendon is overstretched or torn
Bruises - caused when blood vessels burst under the skin following impact.
State and describe types of skin damage.
Cuts - caused by impact with a sharp object
Grazes and blisters - caused by friction or rubbing.
How is concussion caused?
Caused by impact to the head, often knocking the person unconscious.
What are symptoms of fractions and dislocations?
- swelling
- unusual shape or deformity
- signs of shock (pale, clammy skin)
- tenderness at the site (fracture)
- ‘sickening’ pain (dislocation)
- nausea
How to treat soft tissue injuries?
RICE treatment is used for strains, sprains and bruises.
R - Rest: Stop activity to prevent further injury.
I - Ice: Apply an ice pack to reduce blood flow, pain and swelling.
C - Compression: Wrap a bandage tightly around the area to reduce internal bleeding and swelling.
E - Elevation: Raise the injury above heart level to reduce swelling and throbbing.
How to treat a cut?
dry the skin around the cut and cover with a clean dressing.
How to treat a graze?
check for dirt within the graze. Cover with a specialist non-stick dressing.
How to treat a blister?
do not break the blister. Cover it with a specialist plaster that stays in place until it falls off naturally. This eases pain and protects the area from further damage.
