integumentary quiz

Question 1

what is the outermost layer of the skin called

Answer 1

epidermis

Question 2

what are the 2 layers of the epidermis

Answer 2

stratum corneum - outer

stratum germinativum - inner

Question 3

what cells secrete pigment and where are they located

Answer 3

melanocytes - stratum germinativum

Question 4

what is the layer of the skin below the epidermis called and what does it contain

Answer 4

dermis: hair follicle, sweat gland, sebaceous glands, nerve endings, blood vessels

Question 5

what is the layer of skin below the dermis

Answer 5

subcutaneous (hypodermis)

Question 6

what is the subcutaneous layer made of

Answer 6

Adipose - cushion, insulate, energy, homeostasis, remp, metabolism
Areolar - WBC to fight pathogens

Question 7

what is normal color of the skin

Answer 7

pink

Question 8

what are the variations in color and what could this mean

Answer 8

cyanosis: blue - respirations
jaundice: yellow - liver, gallbladder
erythema: red - dilation, infection
pallor: pale - anemia, lack of blood flow
brown: addisons, peripheral vascular disease

Question 9

UV rays allow the skin to begin manufacturing what vitamin

Answer 9

vitamin D

Question 10

what is the hard protein in skin, hair and nails

Answer 10

keratin

Question 11

what causes excessive facial hair growth on women

Answer 11

increased testosterone (androgens)

Question 12

what would you see in the nails of someone who has chronic hypoxia

Answer 12

clubbing

Question 13

what would you see in the nails of someone with endocarditis

Answer 13

splinter hemorrhages

Question 14

what is the horizontal depression across a nail called

Answer 14

beau’s lines

Question 15

what is a definitive test for cancer

Answer 15

biopsy

Question 16

what is the difference between a patch test and a scratch tests and what are these tests used for

Answer 16

Patch: allergen on adhesive - 48-96 hr - observe for up to 5 days
Scratch: allergen is scratched into skin for immediate reaction - epinephrine and resuscitation available
To test allergies

Question 17

what is a woods light examination and what is this used for

Answer 17

UV light - tinea (ringworm)

Question 18

where should a nurse assess for skin turgor of the older adult

Answer 18

sternum

Question 19

what types of medications are used for skin disorders

Answer 19

corticosteroids
antihistamines
antibacterial - bacteria
antifungal - fungus
antiviral - virus
scabicides - scabies
pediculicides - head lice
local anesthetics

Question 20

what route are the medications given

Answer 20

topically

Question 21

macule

Answer 21

flat, colored, less than 1 cm

Question 22

papule

Answer 22

solid, raised, less than 1 cm

Question 23

ulcer

Answer 23

open sore to dermis

Question 24

vesicle

Answer 24

blister, serous fluid, 1 cm

Question 25

bulla

Answer 25

fluid vesicle or blister, greater than 1 cm

Question 26

lichenification

Answer 26

thickening, hardening - caused by scratching

Question 27

plaque

Answer 27

solid raised lesion, greater than 1 cm

Question 28

cyst

Answer 28

pouch - has fluid or pus

Question 29

wheal

Answer 29

round - white in middle, red around outside

Question 30

fissure

Answer 30

crack to deris - continuous drying or inflammation

Question 31

scale

Answer 31

dry, dead, cracked - cradle cap

Question 32

ecchymosis

Answer 32

blue, black, brown bruising

Question 33

what does discrete mean

Answer 33

separated - distinct

Question 34

what does confluent mean

Answer 34

lesions merge so discreet aren't visible

Question 35

what does linear mean

Answer 35

lesions form a line

Question 36

what does arciform mean

Answer 36

lesions for arcs or curves

Question 37

what does reticular mean

Answer 37

lesions form a mesh like network

Question 38

what does annular mean

Answer 38

arranged in single circle

Question 39

what does radiation mean

Answer 39

loss of heat from environment

Question 40

what does conduction mean

Answer 40

loss of heat by cold objects touching skin

Question 41

what does convection mean

Answer 41

heat loss by moving air close to body - fan

Question 42

what does evaporation mean

Answer 42

loss of moisture to air

Question 43

what are some skin changes as we age that affect temperature control

Answer 43

fragile thin skin, decreased fat, decreased sweat glands, decreased collagen

Question 44

what is the name for a hive like skin rash

Answer 44

wheal