Intestinal motility, secretion, nausea and vomiting Flashcards

(42 cards)

1
Q

what type of mechanism is vomiting

A

defence

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2
Q

what is the main site for sensing emetic stimuli

A

Chemoreceptor trigger zone

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3
Q

which cells sense toxic chemicals/toxins in the gut

A

Enterochromaffin cells

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4
Q

examples of antihistamines

A

cyclizine, promethazine, diphenhydramine

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5
Q

which receptors are antihistamines antagonists for

A

H1 receptors in the brain

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6
Q

when are antihistamines indicated

A

naseau and vomiting - motion sickness

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7
Q

side effects of antihistamines

A

sedation

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8
Q

example of antimuscarinic

A

scopolamine (Hyoscine)

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9
Q

what are antimuscarnics indicated for

A

motion sickness

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10
Q

side effects of antimuscarincs

A

dry mouth
tachycardia
constipation

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11
Q

examples of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists

A

ondansetron
granisetron
palonosetron

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12
Q

where do 5-HT3 receptor antagonists act

A

CTZ of medulla in hindbrain

GI tract

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13
Q

side effects of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists

A

constipation, diarrhoea, headache

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14
Q

examples of dopamine receptor antagonists

A
chlorpromazine
droperidol
haloperidol
prochlorperazine
metoclopyramide 
domperidone
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15
Q

where do D2 receptor antagonists act

A

CTZ of medulla in hindbrain

GI tract

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16
Q

which dopamine receptor antagonists doesn’t act at the CTZ

A

domperidone

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17
Q

examples of Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists

A

fosaprepitant

aprepitant

18
Q

where do NK1 receptor antagonists act

19
Q

what do NK1 receptor antagonists block the effect of

20
Q

side effects of NK1 receptor antagonists

A

constipation

headache

21
Q

examples of anti-diarrhoeal drugs

A

loperamide

diphenoxylate

22
Q

side effects of anti-diarrhoeal drugs

A

constipation
sedation
respiratory depression

23
Q

what is the bulk forming laxative

A

ispaghula husk

24
Q

what is the osmotic laxative called

25
what is the stimulant purgative laxative that increases electrolyte and water secretion from renal mucosa
Senna
26
cyclizine
antihistamine
27
promethazine
antihistamine
28
diphenhydramine
antihistamine
29
scopolamine
antimuscarinic
30
ondansetron
5-HT3 receptor antagonist
31
granisetron
5-HT3 receptor antagonist
32
palonosetron
5-HT3 receptor antagonist
33
chlorpromazine
dopamine receptor antagonist
34
droperidol
dopamine receptor antagonist
35
haloperidol
dopamine receptor antagonist
36
prochlorperazine
dopamine receptor antagonist
37
metoclopramide
dopamine receptor antagonist
38
domperidone
dopamine receptor antagonist
39
fosaprepitant
NK1 receptor antagonist
40
aprepitant
NK1 receptor antagonist
41
loperamide
anti-diarrhoeal drug
42
diphenoxylate
anti-diarrhoeal drug