what kind of handpieces do you need for an amalgam restoration
Discoid cleoid carver 1/2 hollenbach carver Anatomical carver Large Condenser Small Condenser Amalgam Carrier Pig Tail Sickle explorer Mouth mirror
what color is the extended carve capsul
green
Brand
Company
alloy
of our amalgam capsule
Permite C
SDI
Admixed(lathe and spherical particles)
color of fast set amalgam capsules
beige
where is the mercury in the amalgam capsule
in the colored cap
Trituration
the process by which mercury is allowed to react with alloy powder
what end of the amalgam carrier is used to place amalgam in the prep
the largest end that fits
what to do with the first increment of amalgam added to the prep
spread gently on the pulpal floor
description of proper trituration
uniform consistent mass shiny surface smooth optimal mech properties/compresive strength/tensile strength optimal physical properties
description of overtrituration
soupy
difficult to remove from capsule
excess matrix
sets premature
description of proper mix due to trituration
shiny and soft, warm as removed from capsule
description of undertrituration
grainy
crumble and dull
weak
hard to handle
what is condensation
process of compressing the alloy into the tooth preparation and eliminating all voids
when is condensation performed
3-4 minutes, to avoid cracks
purpose of condensation
- securation adaptation of amalgam to the walls, line angles and margins
- maintains homogeneity and compactness of amalgam by minimizing voids
- expressing the residual mercury to the surface to form mercury rich matrix that will be later carved out
Oregon 2 condensor end sizes
1 and 1.5 mm
oregon 4 condesnor end sizes
2 and 2 mm
pressure equation
P=F/A
pressure given by large and small condensors
large: low
small: high
when to use small vs large condensor
small: lathe cut
Large: spherical
when to do condensation
in a dry field
right after trituration
strokes for condensation
vertical overlapping
pressed into all angles of the preparation
description of proper condensation
shiny rich mercury phase is visible as condensation of adequate/hear a crunch
direction to condense for 1st increment
added to center and condense from center to periphery
how should the larst increment be added
overfilled, going beyond external outline of preparation by 1.0 mm using the large condenser
condensation strokes
vertical: perpendicular to long axis or at 45 degrees
lateral: parallel of long axis or at 45 degrees
where to use lateral condensation strokes
Class I with extension
Class I with narrow outline in the groove
Class 2 proximal box
why overfill
extract mercury rich matrix to the surface
seal margins
extended carving time (condensation time and carving time
condensation: 5min
Carving time: 7 min
how should amaglam feel during carving
offer some resistance
purpose of carving
reproduce the tooth anatomy and contours
remove the mercury rich matrix
shape of discoid cleoid
discoid: round
Cleoid: pointed claw shape
carving instruments used
discoid-cleoid
Hollenback
Interproximal carver
how to do a pull stroke
gentle light pressure, moving carver parallel to the margin
rest of tooth and on amalgam
tip in the central goove
NO fulcrum on the cavosurface margin (submarginal or undercontour then
when to do a push stroke
to define the developmental gooves
direction of a push stroke
tooth structure to amalgam
How to evaluate a restoration
Check cavosurface margin for flash, underfilling, or voids
Check anatomy
check centric oclusion with acufilm
check excursive movements
run tip of exploere along Cavosurface margin from tooth to amalgam and vice versa
what is ideal carving
restores anatomy
outline looks like the prepared cavosurface margin
junction of external tooth strucutre should be flush with no excess or deficiencies
errors in tooth filling
Open margin
Submarginal
Flash
open margin
break between tooth and amalgam restoration
traps food and allows passage for microbes
must be redone
submarginal
seal between amalgam and the enamal not broken.
less than .2mm, then left, and do enameloplasty
problem with flash
if patients bites, it may break and leave a marginal discrepancy
treating flash
removed during carving
cause of open margin
marginal voids due to inadequate condensation
Carving from amalgam to tooth
treating an open margin
replace
cause of submarginal area
carving amalgam to tooth
detecting submarginal area
explorer catches from amalgam to tooth, but not if tooth to amalgam
result of overcarving
submarginal defects
no occlusion
result of undercarving
flash remains
poor occlusal anatomy