Intro to Nervous System

Question 1

What are the three different nervous systems?

Answer 1

Peripheral Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Enteric Nervous System

Question 2

What makes up the CNS?

Answer 2

Brain

Spinal Cord

Question 3

What does the CNS do?

Answer 3

Receives and processes info and coordinates organ function

Question 4

What are the four lobes in the brain called?

Answer 4

Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal

Question 5

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

Answer 5

Planning, reasoning, problem solving

Question 6

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

Answer 6

Movement, orientation, perception of stimuli

Question 7

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

Answer 7

Visual processing

Question 8

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

Answer 8

Perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, speech, memory

Question 9

The peripheral nervous system sends _______ input to the CNS

Answer 9

sensory (touch, sight, sound, pain, smell)

Question 10

What do the efferent neurones belong to?

Answer 10

Somatic nervous system

autonomic nervous system

Question 11

The somatic nervous system contains _______ neurones which regulate the contraction of skeletal muscle

Answer 11

motor

Question 12

Is the somatic nervous system under voluntary control?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

The autonomic nervous system - neurones regulate function of internal organs, ________ glands and blood vessels

Answer 13

sweat

Question 14

Is the autonomic nervous system under voluntary control?

Answer 14

No

Question 15

What is the function of dendrites?

Answer 15

Receive input from other neurones via synpases

Question 16

What is the function of the axon?

Answer 16

It is a nerve fibre - it transmits action potential to postsynaptic neurone or the effector organ

Question 17

Sensing pain has nothing to do with K+ channels. True or false?

Answer 17

False - you need functioning sodium and potassium ion channels to sense pain. Some people have a mutation in the SCN9A Na+ channel which leads to congenital insensitivity to pain - increased risk of burns

Question 18

What do nocireceptors sense?

Answer 18

Pain

Question 19

Action potentials arise from a change in the ________ potential

Answer 19

membrane

Question 20

What is the resting potential?

Answer 20

-70mV (inside)

Question 21

For every three Na+ ions moving out, how many K+ ions move in?

Answer 21

two

Question 22

At rest is the membrane polarised or depolarised?

Answer 22

Polarised

Question 23

When Na+ ions enter the neurone, the membrane is _________

Answer 23

depolarised

Question 24

When Na+ channels close, K+ remain open so K+ enters cell down a concentration gradient. True or false?

Answer 24

False - K+ exits

Question 25

When K+ channels close, adjacent Na+ channels open and action potential travels along the neurone. True or false?

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What is a synapse?

Answer 26

The junction between a neurone and a neurone or between a neurone and effector organ

Question 27

When the action potential reaches a synapse, which ion channels open?

Answer 27

Ca2+

Question 28

Neurotransmitter is released by presynaptic and postsynaptic cells. True or false?

Answer 28

False - released by presynaptic only

Question 29

Presynaptic cells release neurotransmitter into ___________ and bind to receptors in the cell membrane of postsynaptic cells

Answer 29

synaptic cleft

Question 30

Seratonin and dopamine belong to which class of neurotransmitter?

Answer 30

Amines

Question 31

Deficiency of dopamine can lead to which disease?

Answer 31

Parkinson's disease

Question 32

Glutamate and glycine belong to which class of neurotransmitter?

Answer 32

Amino acids

Question 33

Glutamate is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, preventing action potentials. True or false?

Answer 33

False - it is excitory

Question 34

Is glycine an inhibitory or an excitory neurotransmitter?

Answer 34

Inhibitory

Question 35

GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter. True or false?

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Propofol and thiopental increase GABA activity. True or false?

Answer 36

True