intro to radiologic eval Flashcards
ABCs of radiology
Alignment
Bone Density
Cartilage Spaces
Soft Tissues
bone density
Normal: Sufficient Contrast
Bone & soft tissue
Within the bone
Abnormal:
Loss of bone density
Thinning/ absence cortical margin
Textural Abnormalities
Normal: expected trabecular architecture
Abnormal: Fluffy, thin, delicate, coarsened, smudged
Local Density Changes
Normal: sclerosis in areas of stress
Abnormal: osteophytes, excessive sclerosis, reactive sclerosis
soft xray vs hard xray
soft = longer wave length
hard = shorter wave lengeth = dx imaging
radiopaque
harder to penetrate with xray white
radiolucent
easier to penetrate with xray dark
increasing radiodensity =
increase in whiteness of image
what factors determine radiodensity
object or material
thickness
position effect xray
closer you are bigger it will appear
decubitus position xray
body positioned on horizontal surface with horizontal beam
dorsal for laying on back
lateral for laying on side
Right anterior oblique position RAO
projections need
min of 2 views at right angles with eachother
arthrography vs myelography
arthro = inject contrast in joint space
myelo = pertaining to spinal cord - inject cerebrospinal fluid in subarachnoid space
elusive fx in spine
c1/c2 c6/c7
osteoporotic compression fx of T/L spine
elusive fx in UE
scaphoid
radial head
triqutrum
fx dis of forearm and wrist
elusive fx in LE
femoral neck
tibial plateau
lat tibial plateau avulsion fx
subtle patella fx
calcaneus
