Intro to recording Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
error protectiong and interleaving
A
does some math so you can detect a error later then mixes it up
1
Q
Gain reduction
A
how much db is lost after compression
2
Q
dither
A
high fq added to make sure the analong signal covers at least 2 quantization levels
3
Q
Threshold of pain
A
10,000,000,000,000
3
Q
error deduction and correction
A
uncrambles the data on disk
3
Q
How did you use tape delay
A
the time it takes the tape to go from the record head to the playback head creates delay
3
Q
low cut
A
removes low fq
5
Q
Pure tone/sine wave
A
A sound that consist of a single basic frequency
6
Q
what is the Robinson and Dadson curves
A
Equal loudness contours
6
Q
why put a speaker in an enclosure
A
It capture the rear rendering energy
6
Q
What is the anti alias filter?
A
An high cut smoothing filter
7
Q
Octaves
A
Double of frequency
8
Q
wavelength
A
speed of sound DIVIDED BY frequency
9
Q
Pressure gradient
A
9
Q
Whats an alias fq
A
getting a fq in the out put that was never at the input
10
Q
Limiter
A
sets a ceiling, 20:1
11
Q
Digital audio
A
Computer based encoding and decoding of a waveform
12
Q
Pitch
A
Lowest to highest (relations of frequency)
13
Q
high cut
A
removes high fq
14
Q
Amount of availible numbers for a 16 bit CD
A
65536
15
Q
the 4 ways to make reverb
A
- Chamber (in a room)
- Spring
- Plate
- Digital
16
Q
20 Hz to 20k
A
What a human ear can hear
16
Q
Heads
A
send in a voltage you change the magnetic field
17
Q
Cardioid
A
18
Flutter
fast variations in tape speeds
19
Tape speeds (15-30 ips)
pushing the fq high enough to push gap loss
19
sample
instantaneous snapshot of amplitude
20
Q
when you choose a ratio, q will make the adjustment to fit it. no matter where the center fq is
21
Dynamic microphones
Creates a voltage by the moving of a conductor in a magnetic feild
22
What will happen if a barrier is larger then half of the wavelength?
It will reflect it
22
sample and hold
sampling a point on a signal, then waiting a little before sampling another point.
23
Reverbs
reflections so close that it makes a wash of sound
24
Proximity effect
Pressure gradient design
More low fq output the closer it is to the sound source
25
Passive radiator
Max the use of the rear radiating energy (pressure inside the speakerbox)
25
quantization error
theres an finite amount of analog signals and a certian amount of available numbers, so they estimate
26
Ports/vents
A opening that utilize the rear radiating energy
27
RT60 reverb time
how long it take to decay 60db
29
Pressure design
29
Cross talk
Adjacent tracks on the tape magnetize against each other
31
Bi-directional
Pick up in the front at back
2 direction
32
Reverse Polarity
Tuning the positive negative and the negative positive
35
Why do we use decibel
The range of human hearing is enormous
the human perception of loudness is exponential
36
Digital Audio advantages
* Using Comupters to edit music
* farther dynamic range
* can take alot of damage and still can get your data back
* faint cross talk and print through
* no wow and flutter
36
Expander
an varible amplifier where any signal below an set threshold would get quieter
37
Complex tones
Made of more then one **frequency**
39
Tape
what is made of (storing a magnetic field that changes in a way that an analgist to the wave the air pressure change)
A bunch of finely crushed magnet on plastic /the formulation of the crushed magnets can vary
41
what is the result of the balance of the harmonics
Timbre
42
Condenser/capacitor
o Something that can store a charge
o steady voltage goes in and varying voltage goes out by the way the diaphragm is move
phantom power goes to the external pre amp and store a charge
43
Point source
Omni directional theoretical sound source
43
Head order
Erase
Record
Playback/reproduce
45
Tape hiss
White noise
46
whats is quantization
the process of assigning analog signals to the nearing avalible number, the quantization levels
47
Hard knee
instantly gets compressed after passing the threshold
48
Attack time
how long a compression begins once a signal past the threshold
49
disavantage
* Musicians play worse
* lower level signals gets distorted
51
decibel
10Log Pm/Pr (powered measured/ reference power)
52
Transducers
Changes a kind of energy to another kind of energy
52
Twice as loud is
10 times the power
53
Effect of room surfaces
(doubling of energy) 3db more in your direction by each barriers
2 walls and a floor will get you 9db and it will sound twice as loud
a lot of low fq. When a speaker is put in a corner
53
4 parts of reverb
1. Inital sound
2. Early reflections
3. onset of reverb
4. decay
54
Tape saturation (tape compression)
All the magnetic are used up and the tape is saturation and distorts
Sounds cool on a lot of things (especially from rock music)
55
Pumping and breathing
audible hearing compressing going in and out
56
Why do we use dynamic processers
* To make something sit better in a mix
* Protecton
* Reduce dynamic range
* effect or manipulate dynamic range
* dynamic range in music would be larger then the dynamic range of the storag media
57
digital to analog convertor
takes a voltage and turn it into a corresponding number
59
Timbre
The characteristic sound of anything
60
Parametric EQ
continuous control on the center, boost/cut, and Q
61
Analog
The wave form that we store is analogist to the wave from in the air
62
Reverse order of digital Audio
* Error detection and correction
* demultiplexer
* digital to analog converter
* sample and hold
* anti alias filter
* dither generator
64
Bias
Very high fq (15000 hz) that we add into all analog recording to fixed zero cross distortion
65
On axis
Where you get the best sound
67
Unity gain
not boosting or cutting the signal
68
Pink noise
Equal energy per OCTIVE
70
What important colcusion might an enginner draw from the Robinson and Dadson Curves
* You should always mix low
* **perception varies on how loud the music is**
71
equlization
fq dependent control of amplitude
73
Twice the power is
3db
74
What do a microphone polar pattern show
where sound is picked up at and where it rejects
76
Omni
Equal sensitive in all directions
Pressure design (draw it)
Sound can only get to one side of the diagram
77
Band width
The range of fq the will be effectied from being around the center fq
78
Multiplexor
Turn 16 bit parallel info into 16 bit cereal info
79
Print through
When one winding of tape magnetize its adjacent winding of tape
80
Compressors
A varible gain amplifer where, above the set threshold, output would gain less as input increases
81
Graphic equalizer
Graphically shows you what you're doing to the fq responce
82
analog to digital convertor
take a number and turn it into a corresponding voltage
83
Dynamic range
The quiet sound something can produce to the loudest sound with a little distortion
85
Frequency
Cycles per second
86
White Noise
Equal energy per FREQUENCY
87
Order for Digital Audio
* Dither generater
* Anti alias filter
* Sample and hold
* Analog to digital converter
* Multiplexor
* Error protection and interleaving
88
Wow
slow variations in tape speeds
89
Gap loss
When a fq is high enough (making the wave form shorter) it can fit in the gap and playback see no different and play
89
shelving filters
boost/cut all fq at the same time
90
What do you need for sound? 2 Things
Motion and medium
92
soft knee
eased into compression after passing the threshold
93
side chain
one sound controlling another sound
94
Release time
The time it take a signal to go to unity gain after dropping under the treshold
95
What is the symbol of Reverse polarity
A circle with a line through it
96
Zero cross distortion
Anything near zero become zero
Fixed by sending a very high fq tone
97
Threshold of hearing
the quietest sound a healthy person could hear
98
Delay
Refections you can hear individually
99
wavelength size
About 1100 feet per second
100
2 to 1 rules
nyqust found it
when your sample fq is twice the highes fq you record, nothing will happen
breaking this rule will result in making alias fq
