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Flashcards in Intro to the cell Deck (36)
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0
Q

Rhodamine 123

A

vital stain (can be used on living cells) to stain mitochondria

1
Q

Organelles allow for

A

complexity and compartmentalization

2
Q

Golgi apparatus is composed of a stack of _______ with a _____ nad a _____

A

stack of cisternae with a cis (concave) face and a trans (convex) face

3
Q

lysosome

A

“digestive system of the cell”; reprocesses and reuses

4
Q

lysosome cycle

A

primary lysosome fuses with an endosome or dying organelle and turns into a secondary lysosome, then it turns into a residual body

5
Q

residual body

A

can’t be digested away; in old cells(ex neurons); aging pigment (yellow)

6
Q

peroxisomes

A

convert H2O2 to water and oxygen

7
Q

Microtubules

A

largest cytoskeletal component

8
Q

microtubule composition

A

alpha and beta subunits that form dimers, then profilaments (ultimately 13 profilaments)

9
Q

Microtubule assembly is typically from a

A

MTOC (microtubule organization center) (ex centrosome)

10
Q

Centrosome

A

made of 2 centrioles located near the nucleus

  • gamma tubulin
  • 9 triplets of tubulin
11
Q

Microfilaments

A

made of globular actin formed into filamentous actin

- slow growing end and + fast growing end

12
Q

Actin can’t bind directly to

A

actin

13
Q

alpha actinin

A

bundles actin filaments for contractile bundles

14
Q

fimbrin

A

bundles actin filaments for parallel bundles

15
Q

filamin

A

cross link action filaments into gel-like network

16
Q

myosin-I

A

movement of vesicles along actin filaments

17
Q

myosin-II

A

contraction by sliding actin filaments

18
Q

spectrin

A

forms supporting network for plasma membrane of RBC

19
Q

gelsolin

A

cleaves and caps actin filaments

20
Q

Intermediate filaments

A

several different types depending on tissue

21
Q

Type I and II cytokeratins

A

found in epithelial cells and epithelial derivatives (I-acidic, II-basic)

22
Q

Desmin

A

muscle cells

23
Q

glial fibrillary acidic protein

A

glial cells and astrocytes

24
Q

vimentin

A

mesenchyme

25
Q

perpherin

A

peripheral and CNS neurons, alpha internexin

26
Q

Type IV

A

neurofilaments-axons and dendrites of nerves

27
Q

Type V

A

nuclear lamins A,B,C-inner nuclear membrane

28
Q

Type VI (nestin)

A

neuronal stem cells of CNS

29
Q

Actin can form _______, which are used for movement

A

pseudopodia

30
Q

3 major types of molecular motors

A

kinesins, dyneins, myosins

31
Q

kinesins and dyneins move along _______, while myosin moves along _______.

A

microtubules; actin filaments

32
Q

Kinesins are involved in _______ transport, while dyneins are involved in ______ transport

A

anterograde; retrograde

33
Q

Dynein plays a major role in

A

ciliary and flagellar movement

34
Q

consequences of ciliary disfunction

A

respiratory and reproduction problems

35
Q

Myosin interaction with actin filaments is the primary process in

A

muscle contraction (sarcomere)