Intro To The Endocrine System

Question 1

What does “krinin” mean?

Answer 1

Separate

Question 2

What does the endocrine system do?

Answer 2

Secretes within the body into the blood stream

Question 3

What does “endo” mean

Answer 3

Within

Question 4

What does “exo” mean?

Answer 4

Out

Question 5

What does the exocrine system do?

Answer 5

Secretes outside of the body

Question 6

Give some examples of exocrine secretions

Answer 6

Mucus
Semen
Tears
Sweat
Saliva
Ear wax

Question 7

What is the function of the endocrine system?

Answer 7

Maintain homeostasis

Question 8

What are hormones?

Answer 8

Chemical messengers

Question 9

What are the 4 characteristics of a hormone?

Answer 9

Produced by specialized cells
Produced in small amounts
Are generally (there are exceptions) produced by one cell and effect another cell
Effect metabolic pathways

Question 10

What is a gland?

Answer 10

A group of specialized cells that produce hormones

Question 11

What is a metabolic pathway?

Answer 11

A series of chemical reactions that occur in a specific order

Question 12

What are the two types of hormones?

Answer 12

Protein

Steroid

Question 13

What are protein hormones based on?

Answer 13

Protein

Question 14

What are steroid hormones based on?

Answer 14

Lipids (cholesterol)

Question 15

How does a protein hormone work?

3 steps

Answer 15

These hormones bind with the receptor site (intrinsic protein) outside of the cell which changes the protein shape and starts a metabolic pathway

Question 16

What does the metabolic pathway initiated by the protein hormone activate?

Answer 16

Activates kinase activity

Question 17

What is a protein kinase?

Answer 17

A catalyst which alters, decreases, or increases protein function

Question 18

How does a steroid hormone work? (4 steps)

Answer 18

Enters the cell and binds to steroid receptor molecules in the cytoplasm. This allows the steroid to get into the nucleus and activate the DNA which starts making specific proteins

Question 19

What do steroid hormones end in?

Answer 19

“one”

Question 20

Define target hormone

Answer 20

Targets a specific cell

Question 21

Define non-target hormone

Answer 21

Targets all cells within an organism

Question 22

Define tropic hormone

Answer 22

A hormone that stimulates a gland

Question 23

Define non-tropic hormone

Answer 23

A hormone that does not effect a gland

Question 24

How does feedback effect a hormone

Answer 24

Hormone levels are regulated by feedback

Question 25

What are two types of feedback

Answer 25

Positive | Negative

Question 26

What is positive feedback?

Answer 26

Tells your body to keep doing what it's doing

Question 27

What is negative feedback?

Answer 27

Tells your body to stop doing what it's doing

Question 28

Is feedback mostly positive or negative?

Answer 28

Negative | -> Used to control production

Question 29

What are similarities between the endocrine system and the nervous system? (4)

Answer 29

Control cells in body Maintains homeostasis Some hormones act as neurotransmitters and vice versa Both neurotransmitters and hormones are chemical signals

Question 30

What are differences between the endocrine system and the nervous system? (4)

Answer 30

Nervous system is a lot faster than endocrine system Hormones are released into bloodstream No action potentials in endocrine system Hormones last longer (long duration)