Introduction to Anatomy

Question 1

Define: Supine Position

Answer 1

laying on back, palms down

Question 2

Define: Prone Position

Answer 2

laying on stomach, palms up, head tilted to the side

Question 3

Define: Frontal Plane

Answer 3

divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) parts, they do not necessarily need to be in perfect halves

Question 4

Define: Midsagittal Plane

Answer 4

divides the body into equal left and right halves

Question 5

Define: Sagittal Plane

Answer 5

divides the body into any proportion of right and left parts

Question 6

Define: Transverse Plane

Answer 6

divides the body into top and bottom, not necessarily in halves

Question 7

Define: Distal

Answer 7

towards the end of the limb/towards extremities

Question 8

Define: Proximal

Answer 8

towards centre of the body, where limb attaches to body

Question 9

Define: Midline

Answer 9

line down centre of body

Question 10

Define: Medial

Answer 10

towards the midline

Question 11

Define: Lateral

Answer 11

further away form midline

Question 12

Define: Superior

Answer 12

towards the head/top of the body (higher up)

Question 13

Define: Inferior

Answer 13

away from the head/top of the body (lower down)

Question 14

Define: Anterior/Ventral

Answer 14

towards the front of the body

Question 15

Define: Posterior/Dorsal

Answer 15

towards the back of the body

Question 16

Define: Ipsilateral

Answer 16

on the same side

Question 17

Define: Contralateral

Answer 17

on opposite sides

Question 18

Define: Superficial

Answer 18

towards the surface/skin

Question 19

Define: Deep

Answer 19

towards the spine/middle of the body

Question 20

Define: Flexion

Answer 20

bending/decreasing angle between body parts

Question 21

Define: Extension

Answer 21

straightening/increasing angle between body parts

Question 22

Define: Abduction

Answer 22

moving away from midline (think: kids are abducted, taken away from families)

Question 23

Define: Adduction

Answer 23

moving towards the midline (think: add, adding to body)

Question 24

Define: Medial/Internal Rotation

Answer 24

turning the body part around long axis towards midline

Question 25

Define: Lateral/External Rotation

Answer 25

turning body part around long axis away from midline

Question 26

Define: Circumduction

Answer 26

circular motion involving abduction, adduction, flexion and extension, only limbs can do this

Question 27

Define: Retraction

Answer 27

drawing anatomical part backwards

Question 28

Define: Protraction

Answer 28

moving anatomical part forwards

Question 29

Define: Supination

Answer 29

rotation of forearm so palm faces anteriorly

Question 30

Define: Pronation

Answer 30

rotation of forearm so palm faces posteriorly, distal ends of bones in forearm cross over

Question 31

Define: Inversion

Answer 31

tilting sole of foot towards midline

Question 32

Define: Eversion

Answer 32

tilting sole of foot away from midline

Question 33

Define: Dorsiflexion

Answer 33

movement of ankle to flex foot superiorly (pull toes up towards shin)

Question 34

Define: Plantarflexion

Answer 34

movement of ankle to extend foot inferiorly (point your toes)