introduction to microbes Flashcards
microorganisms that cause disease
virus, bacteria, fungi and parasites
size range of microorganisms
10x10-8m = prions and then up to 1m are some worms
structure of virus
DNA spiral in centre and hen protein coat with an envelope around it and spikes on the outside allowing it to attach to different cell surfaces
classification of viruses
7 types - some DNA and some RNA - ***** update this card when know more
wat are bacteriophages
viruses which attack bacteria.
structure of bacteria
EUBACTERIA. DNA spiral in centre swell as circular DNA plasmids in cytoplasm which can be swapped between bacteria. have cell wall and capsule around this. contains ribosomes and have pills on outside swell as flagellum
classification of bacteria
coccus, (circle), bacillus (rod) and sprilius (wiggly line). these can come as cluster or chains
walls of gram + and - bacteria
\+ = thick peptidoglycan wall - = 2 membranes, thin liposacheride on outside and then thin peptidoglycan on inside.
oxygen tolerance
aerobes- survive in o2
obligate aerobes- only survive in o2
anaerobes - survive without o2
obligate anaerobes- only survive when o2 not present
how to name bacteria and fungi
use linear taxonomy. Genus (surname) and species (first name). genus must have capital and species can’t. also have extra adjective e.g E.colli 0157
types of fungi
Yeats (single cell) e.g candida and moulds (multicellular)
types of parasites
protozoa(single celled) e.g malaria and helminths which are multicellular and usually worms e.g tape worm
name the differences between prokaryotes(bacteria)and eukaryotes(human)
PRO- circular DNA, no nuclei, no membrane bound organelles, cell wall Is peptidoglycan and have 70s ribosomes
EU- nuclei present, lots of membrane bound organelles e.g mitochondria and have cell wall in plant cell, 80s ribosomes
