Introduction to Urinalysis Flashcards
Aqueous solution of various organic and inorganic substances
Urine
Substance may be either waste products resulting from body metabolism or products derived directly from the food eaten resulting from metabolism.
Urine
Urine is composed of ___ % water and ____% solids
95, 5
Why choose urine for urinalysis?
● It is readily available and easily collected.
● Contains information about the body’s major metabolic functions
● Inexpensive laboratory testing can be performed.
Why choose urine for urinalysis?
● It is most useful in ascertaining evidence of disease or disturbing function
of the kidneys
● Pathological lesion of the ureters, bladder or urethra
● In male, lesion of the prostate and seminal vesicles.
primary organic component. product of protein and amino acid metabolism
urea
product of creatine metabolism by muscles
creatinine
product of nucleic acid breakdown in food and cells
uric acid
primary inorganic component. found in combination with sodium (table salt) and mant other inorganic substances
chloride
primarily from salt varies by intake
Sodium
Combined with chloride
and other salt
Potassium
Combines with sodium
to buffer the blood
Phosphate
Regulates blood and
tissue fluid acidity
Ammonium
Combines with chloride,
sulfate, and phosphate
Calcium
Routine Screening
Random
Routine screening
Pregnancy tests
Orthostatic protein
First Morning
Quantitative chemical
tests
24-hour (or timed)
Bacterial culture
Catheterized
Routine screening
Bacterial culture
Midstream clean-catch
Bladder urine for
bacterial culture
Cytology
Suprapubic aspiration
Prostatic infection
Three-glass collection
Does not interfere with
chemical tests
Precipitates amorphous
phosphates and urates
Prevents bacterial growth
for 24 hours2
Refrigeration
Prevents bacterial growth and
metabolism
Boric acid
Interferes with drug and
hormone analyses
Boric acid
