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Sommelier (Original) > Italy - Central and Southern Italy - (Toscana, Umbria, Marches, Abruzzo, Latium, Molise, Campania, Apulia, Basilicata, Calabria, Sicily, Sardinia) > Flashcards

Italy - Central and Southern Italy - (Toscana, Umbria, Marches, Abruzzo, Latium, Molise, Campania, Apulia, Basilicata, Calabria, Sicily, Sardinia) Flashcards

1
Q

Where were the first DOC and DOCG zones authorized

A

Toscana

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2
Q

What region in Italy produces around 3 million hectoliters of wine annually, with 45% at the DOC / DOCG level

A

Toscana

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3
Q

Climate of Tuscana

A

Maritime at the coast

Continental inland

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4
Q

What is the main red grape of Toscana

A

Sangiovese 🔴

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5
Q

What is the main city in Toscana

A

Florence

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6
Q

Calabrese di Montenuovo

Ciliegiolo

Are the parents to what Italian grape

A

Sangiovese

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7
Q

What does Sangiovese mean

A

The blood of Jove (Jupiter)

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8
Q

Main soil type of Sangiovese is

A

Galestro - a highly desirable, friable, shaly clay

Limestone Alberese

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9
Q

What do they age Sangiovese in

A

Large European often Slavonian cask

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10
Q

What does Cabernet Sauvignon 🔴 or Colorino 🔴do to Sangiovese

A

Color and Power

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11
Q

What does Canaiolo do to Sangiovese when it is added

A

Softens Sangiovese hard attack

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12
Q

What is Italy most planted red grape

A

Sangiovese

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13
Q

Brunello Montalcino

Prugnolo Montrpulciano

Are synonyms for what Grape

A

Sangiovese

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14
Q

Chianti

Chianti Classico

Carmignano

Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

Morellino di Scansano

Montecucco

What do these all have in common

A

These are all DOCGs where Sangiovese is the principal red grape

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15
Q

Where is Sangiovese the sole red grape allowed in Italy

A

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG

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16
Q

What two Bordeaux grapes play a important role in Toscana blends

A

Cabernet Sauvignon 🔴

Merlot 🔴

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17
Q

Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot play an important role in what famous Toscana blend

A

Super Tuscans

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18
Q

What is Trebbiano Toscano ⚪️

A

Italys most planted white grape

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19
Q

What is the white grape of Toscana

A

Vermaccia ⚪️

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20
Q

What is Toscana most famous wine region

A

Chianti DOCG

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21
Q

When did Chianti DOCG gain DOCG status

A

1984

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22
Q

Classico

Ruffina

Colli Fiorentomi

Colli Senesi

Colline Pisane

Colli Atentini

Montalbano

Montespertoli

Are all sub zones to what DOCG

A

Chianti

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23
Q

What percentage of Sangiovese has to be on wine created in the Chianti DOCG

A

70 - 100% Sangiovese

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24
Q

Cabernet Sauvignon on Chianti DOCG can not exceed what percentage

A

15%

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25
Q

What is the name of the process in which refermentation with the juices of dried grapes, helps strengthen the wine and initiate Malolactic Fermentation

A

Governo

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26
Q

What is the label requirement if Governo is used

A

Governo all’uso Toscano

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27
Q

What is the soil type of Chianti Classico

A

Galestro

Alberese (sandstone)

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28
Q

For Chianti Classico what is the minimum Sangiovese requirement

A

80%

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29
Q

What vintage started in Chianti Classico of no white grapes can be used in part of the blend

A

2006

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30
Q

What is the minimum alcohol content of Chianti Classico

A

12%

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31
Q

What wine from Chianti requires 1 year of aging before release

A

Classico

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32
Q

What wine from Chianti requires 24 months aging before release

A

Chianti Classico Riserva

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33
Q

What wine for Chianti require 30 months aging before release

A

Chianti Classico Gran Selezione

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34
Q

What is the vessel called that stores Riserva Chianti Classico

A

Barrique

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35
Q

Who is Clemente Santi

A

Gets the credit for inventing the Brunello style of Chianti

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36
Q

What is famous wine Clemente Santi created

A

Tenuta Greppo’s Biondi -Santi

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37
Q

Brunello is produced from what percentage of Sangiovese grapes

A

100%

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38
Q

What Italian wine from Toscana:

  • is aged in cask for a minimum two years
  • bottle for an additional 4 months before release
  • wine can’t be released until January 1st of the 5th year following harvest
A

Brunello di Montalcino

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39
Q

What Italian wine from Toscana:

  • is aged in cask for a minimum two years
  • bottle for an additional 6 months before release
  • wine can’t be released until January 1st of the 6th year following harvest
A

Brunello di Montalcino Riserva

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40
Q

What Sangiovese called in Montalcino

A

Brunello

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41
Q

What is Sangiovese called in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

A

Prugnolo Gentile

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42
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Sangiovese allowed in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

A

70%

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43
Q

Are white wines allowed in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano blends

A

Yes , but no more than 5%

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44
Q

What Italian wine from Toscana has the following requirements:

  • minimum aging of 2 years with at least one year in wood
A

Prunello Gentile (Sangiovese)

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45
Q

What Italian wine from Toscana has the following requirements:

  • minimum aging of 3 years with at least one year in wood
A

Prunello Gentile Riserva (Sangiovese)

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46
Q

What famous wine did Marquis Mario Rocchetta create and what class in the DOC system did it fall under

A

Sassicaia - Vino da Tavola (table wine)

  • a Cabernet blend
  • created in 1968
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47
Q

What famous wine did Piero Antinori create

A

Tignanello

Created in 1971

85% Sangiovese

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48
Q

San Felice’S Vigorello

Montevertine’s Le Pergole Torte

Isole e Olena’s Cepparello

What all do these famous 3 wines have in common

A

The first 3 super Tuscans to be 100% Sangiovese

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49
Q

What area in the DOC are Super Tuscans being released under now

A

IGT - indicazione Geografica Tipica

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50
Q

What’s is Vin Santo mean

A

Holy wine

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51
Q

Trebbiano and Malvasia grapes make what famous Italian dessert wine

A

Vin Santo

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52
Q

Trebbiano Toscano is known as what in France

A

Ugni Blanc

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53
Q

What is a fiasco

A

The historical bottling of Chianti bottles.
- was used due to the inferior quality of Italian glass

  • it’s a squat, straw covered bottle, that epitomizes the rustic, cheap nature of Italian wine
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54
Q

Who is Marquis Mario Rocchetta

A

Created of the super Tuscan “Sassicaia”

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55
Q

When was the first commercial vintage of Sassicaia released

A

1968

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56
Q

San Casciano in Val di Pesa

Greve in Chianti

Tavarnelle Val di Pese

Barberino val d’Elsa

Poggibonsi

Radda in Chianti

Castellina in Chianti

Gaiole in Chianti

Castelniovo Beradenga

These are the communes to what region in Toscana

A

Chianti Classico

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57
Q

What famous Italian city sets to the north of Chianti Classico

A

Florence

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58
Q

What famous Italian city sets to the south of Chianti Classico

A

Siena

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59
Q

That wine from Toscana usually has these features:

  • light in color
  • natural high in acidity
  • firmly tannic
  • medium to full bodied
  • sour cherry notes
  • herbal undertone
A

Sangiovese

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60
Q

What is the scientific name for slavonian oak

A

Quercus Rober

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61
Q

Sangiovese 🔴

Colorino 🔴 ( adds color)

Canaiolo Nero 🔴 - (used as part of the governo process to keep fermentation going)

These three grapes make up what famous wine in Tuscana

A

Chianti

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62
Q

What classic grapes grow in Tuscana

A

Chardonnay ⚪

Sauvignon Blanc ⚪

Syrah 🔴

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63
Q

What is the main grape of Maremma

A

Vermentino ⚪

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64
Q

What is the climate of Maremma

A

Mediterranean

65
Q

What percentage of Tuscan Vineyards are devoted to the production of red wine

A

70%

66
Q

What four communes are located entirely in the boundaries of the Chianti Classico area

A

Castellina in Chianti

Gaiole in Chianti

Greve in Chianti

Radda in Chianti

67
Q

What are the features of The Alberese soil of Chianti Classico

A
  • weathered sandstone
  • soil becomes harder and stonier the further you head south
  • located primarily in the southern part of Chianti Classico
68
Q

What are the features of The Galestro soil of Chianti Classico

A
  • a bluish - grape chalk Marl stone
  • soil is very rich and fertile
  • Arno river plays a role in soil and climate
69
Q

What is Consorizo del Vino Chianti Classico

A

The consorizo of Chianti

70
Q

What can be labeled Chianti DOCG

A

Basic level Chianti

Subzones of Chianti

71
Q

What can be labeled Chianti Classico

A

Only Chianti wines made in the Classico zone

72
Q

What is Bettinto Ricasoli?

A

Created the modern “Chianti recipe” using a Sangiovese blend

73
Q

For Chianti DOCG is it mandatory that you have to use Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia in the blend for Chianti?

A

No, it is now an option

74
Q

What is the aging requirements for Chianti normale

A

May be released on March 1 of the year following the harvest

75
Q

What Chianti DOCG subzones require additional aging

A

Montespertoli - released after June 1 of the year following harvest

Colli Fiorentini and Rufina - released after September 1 of the following year of harvest

76
Q

Rufina

Colli Fiorentini

Montespertoli

Montalbano (parts of it)

These subzones are located in what Provence in Tuscana

A

Florence (Firenze)

77
Q

The subszone of Chianti; Montalbano is located in what 3 provinces in Toscana

A

Prato

Pistoia

Firenze

78
Q

The subszone of Chianti; Senesi is located in what provinces in Toscana

A

Siena

79
Q

The subzone of Chianti; Colli Aretini is located in what provinces in Toscana

A

Arezzo

80
Q

The subszone of Chianti; Colline Pissane is located in what provinces in Toscana

A

Pisa

81
Q

Firenze

Siena

Arezzo

Prato

Pisa

Pistoia

These are the provinces of what region in Toscana

A

Chianti DOCG

82
Q

What province in Chianti DOCG has the most communes of production

A

Firenze - 32

Siena - 24

Arezzo - 19

Pisa - 16

Pistoia - 7

Prato - 3

83
Q

What province in Chianti DOCG has the least communes

A

Prato with 3

84
Q

What is the aging requirement for Chianti Riserva

A

Minimum 2 years of aging from January 1 of the following harvest

85
Q

What is the aging requirement for Chianti Riserva in subzones: Colli Fiorentini and Rufina

A

Minimum 2 years of aging from January 1 of the following harvest

  • a minimum 6 months of the total aging period must occur in Wood
86
Q

What is the aging requirement for Chianti Riserva in subzones: Chianti Senesi Riserva

A

Minimum 2 years of aging from January 1 of the following harvest

  • a minimum 8 months of the total aging period must occur in Wood and 4 months in bottle
87
Q

What is the minimum alcohol content for Chianti / Chianti Riserva

A

11.5% / 12% apv

88
Q

Who was Grand Duke Cosimo III de Medici

A

Person who delimited the original Chianti zone

89
Q

What year was the Chianti zone delimited

A

1716

90
Q

What is the importance of the following areas:

  • Radda
  • Gaiole
  • Castellina
  • Greve
A

These are the original 4 communes of Chianti, delimited in 1716

91
Q

What year was white grapes no longer permitted in Chianti Classico

A

2006

92
Q

What is the minimum alcohol level for Chianti Classico

A

Classico - 12%

Riserva - 12.5%

Gran Selezione - 13%

93
Q

What 2 provinces make up Chianti Classico

A

Firenze

Siena

94
Q

Radda in Chianti

Gaiole in Chianti

Castellina in Chianti

Castelnuovo Beradenga

Poggibonsi

These are the communes of what province in Chianti Classico DOCG

A

Siena

95
Q

Greve in Chianti

Barberino Val d’Elsa

San Casciano Val di Pesa

Tavernelle Val di Pesa

These are the communes of what province in Chianti Classico DOCG

A

Firenze

96
Q

What is the aging requirements for Chianti Classico

A

Classico - may not be released until October 1 of the year following the harvest

97
Q

What is the aging requirements for Chianti Classico Riserva

A

24 months aging from January 1 of the year following the harvest, including 3 months in a bottle

98
Q

What is the aging requirements for Chianti Classico Gran Selezione

A
  • Must be produced from estate fruit

- Minimum 30 months aging from January 1 of the year following the harvest, including at 3 months in the bottle

99
Q

When was the Gran Selezione category introduced

A

2013

100
Q

When was the first brunello style of Chianti creates

A

1865 and the Riserva was released in 1888

101
Q

What is the meaning of the black rooster seal

A

It is used to protect, and to promote Chianti Classico DOCG wines as well as prevent fraud

  • symbol referred to as Gallo Nero, is an ancient military symbol that was chosen in 1924 to represent Italy’s first wine consortium
102
Q

What is the soil type of Brunello di Montalcino

A

North (higher elevation) Galestro

South (lower elevation) Clay and marine sediments

103
Q

What is the minimum alcohol content for Brunello di Montalcino

A

12.5% apv

104
Q

Castelnuovo dell’Abate

Sant’Angelo in Colle

Torrenieri

These are the unofficial subzones of what DOCG

A

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG

105
Q

When did Rosso di Montalcino DOC gain its DOC status

A

1983 but modified in 2015

106
Q

Rosso di Montalcino is apart of what commune in Tuscana

A

Montalcino

107
Q

What are the two styles of Rosso di Montalcino

A

Rosso di Montalcino

Rosso di Montalcino “Vigna” (single vineyard)

108
Q

What is the main grape of Rosso di Montalcino

A

100% Sangiovese 🔴

109
Q

What is the minimum alcohol content for Rosso di Montalcino

A

12% apv

110
Q

What is the aging requirement for Rosso di Montalcino

A

Wines may not be released until September 1 of the year following the harvest

111
Q

What appellation is mostly used when creating or making a Super Tuscan

A

Bolgheri DOCG

112
Q

Where is Bolgheri DOCG located

A

In Northern Maremma

113
Q

When did Bolgheri DOC receive its DOC status

A

Rosso - 1994

Rosato - 1983

Bianco - 1983

114
Q

What are the main grapes of Bolgheri DOC

A

Bordeaux style grapes:

Cabernet Sauvignon 🔴

Merlot 🔴

Cabernet Franc 🔴

115
Q

What is the minimum alcohol content for wines from Bolgheri DOC

A

Sauvignon: 10.5%

Bianco / Vermentino: 11%

Rosato / Rosso - 11.5%

Rosso Superiore: 12.5%

116
Q

What is the aging requirements for Bolgheri DOC

A
  • Rosso - may not be released for sale before September 1 of the year following harvest
  • Rosso Superiore - must be aged a minimum 2 years from January 1 of the year following the harvest including at least 1 year in oak barrels
117
Q

What is the leading white grape of Bolgheri DOC

A

Vermentino ⚪

118
Q

Bolgheri DOC surrounds what subzone

A

Bolgheri Sassicaia

119
Q

When did Bolgheri Sassicaia become a legal subzone

A

1983

120
Q

When did Bolgheri Sassicaia gain its own DOC status

A

2013

121
Q

What is the DOCG in Tuscana that gained its status due to a white wine

A

San Gimignano DOCG

122
Q

When was San Gimignano DOCG established

A

1996 (modified in 2013)

123
Q

What is the main grape of San Gimignano DOCG

A

Vernaccia ⚪

124
Q

What is the only DOCG in Tuscana that is based off a dessert wine

A

Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG

125
Q

What is the main grape of Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG

A

Aleatico 🔴

126
Q

What is the minimum alcohol content of the Aleatico dessert wines from Elba Aleatico Passito DOC

A

19% apv

127
Q

What body of water is to the east of Marches

A

Adriatic Sea

128
Q

What Mountain range is to the wet of Marches

A

Appenine Mountains

129
Q

Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG

Conero (Conero Riserva) DOCG

Offida DOCG

Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCG

Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG

These are the DOCGs for what region in central Italy

A

Marches

130
Q

What is the climate of Marches

A

Mediterranean

131
Q

What is the main grape of Marches

A

Verdicchio ⚪

132
Q

True or False

You can make spumante from Verdicchio grapes

A

True - due to the grapes natural acidity and only at the DOC level in Marches

133
Q

Castelli di Jesi

Matelica

Why are these areas so important to Marches

A

These are the best zones for making Verdicchio

134
Q

What level does the Verdicchio normale wines of Castelli di Jesi and Matelica fall under

A

DOC

135
Q

What level and requirements must be followed for Castelli di Jesi and Matelica to be called Riserva and gain DOCG status

A

Must be aged a minimum of 18 months

136
Q

Which of the DOCGs of Verdicchio Matelica Riserva DOCG and Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG produces more sharper wines

A

Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCG

137
Q

Which of the DOCGs of Verdicchio Matelica Riserva DOCG and Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG produces more fuller and rounder wines

A

Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG

138
Q

Conero Rosso Riserva DOCG

Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG

These are two important DOCGs in what region and what type of wines do they produce

A

Marches and Red Wines

139
Q

What type of wines does Conero Rosas Riserva DOCG produce

A

Red Blend

140
Q

What is the minimum and maximum blend requirement for Conero Rosas Riserva DOCG

A

85% minimum for Montepulciano

15% maximum for Sangiovese

141
Q

What is the aging requirements for Conero Rosso Riserva DOCG

A

2 years matured in new barrique

142
Q

What are the main red grape of Marches

A

Montepulciano 🔴

Vernaccia 🔴 - sparkling wines

143
Q

Why is Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG wines special

A

Produce sparkling wines either dolce or secco and sometimes uses Passito grapes

144
Q

What percentage of the Spumante from Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG can be made from Passito grapes

A

40%

145
Q

What is the main grape of Abruzzo

A

Montepulciano 🔴

146
Q

What is the rosato version of Montepulciano called in Abruzzo

A

Cerasuolo - in reference to the cherry red hue of the rosès

147
Q

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG is the Classico zone for what DOC

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC

148
Q

Edoardo Valentini

Emidio Pepe

These are two top producers from what region

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOCG but release their wines under the DOC label

149
Q

What is the minimum Montepulciano allowed in Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC

A

85%

150
Q

What is the minimum Montepulciano allowed in Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOCG

A

Minimum 90%

151
Q

Main River of Tuscana

A

Arno River

152
Q

What is Caratelli

A

Tiny flattened barrels used to make Vin Santo - usually made of chestnut wood allows rapid oxidation

153
Q

Name on landlocked region of Italy

A

Umbria

154
Q

What are the main grapes of Orvieto DOC

A

Grechetto ⚪

Trebbiano Toscano ⚪(Procanico)

155
Q

What is a synonym of Trebbiano Tuscano

A

Procanico

156
Q

Cesanese del Piglio DOCG

Frascasti Superiore DOCG

Cannellino di Frascati DOCG

These are the 3 DOCG’s of what region

A

Latium

157
Q

What was the first DOCG of Latium

A

Cesanese del Piglio

158
Q

Main grape of Latium

A

Cesanese 🔴

Sommelier (Original) (50 decks)

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