jjjj Flashcards
(26 cards)
what is afffect
generic term that covers a broad range of feelings, not preceded by thought processes “valenced response”
positive/negative
what is emotion?
more intense feelings directed at a specific person or event, immediate response to a specific stimulus that requires a level of cognitive input
what is mood
feelings that are not directed at a specific person or event, subjective states that have a cognitive basis. Can come and go with sometimes unidentifiable causes, can enhance or interfere with purposive behavior
what are the 3 stages of selye’s general adaptation syndrome model and explain the physiological and psychological responses to stress
Arousal and alarm -
fight or flight, nervous system releasing hormones
Resistance - physical/physiological, psychological
Exhaustion -
overload, psychological disorders
explain the study design and findings from the Hogue et al. (2013) study on stress reactivity
Studied whether juggling in an ego involved environment raised stress.
ego involving participants had significantly greater anxiety, stress, shame, and self-consciousness relative to caring/task involving participants who found greater enjoyment, effort, self confidence and interest.
what is a meta analysis
a statistical method of reviewing a body of research and evidence that is systematic and quantitative
what was the overall effect size result of the Crews and Landers meta analysis on stress reactivity, how do you interpret that value in the context of the study?
average affect size was .48 which is medium. aerobically fit subjects had a reduced psychosocial stress response compared to the control group
List and describe 5 different relaxation /stress management techniques and explain how
they would reduce physiological and/or psychological symptoms of stress.
- take a break from the stessor
can help you have a new perspective or practice techniques to feel less overwhelmed. - meditate
help the mind and body to relax and focus. Mindfulness can help people see new perspectives, develop self-compassion and forgiveness. - get social support
When you share your concerns or feelings with another person, it does help relieve stress - exercise
even a 20-minute walk, run, swim or dance session in the midst of a stressful time can give an immediate effect that can last for several hours - smile and laugh
When people are stressed, they often hold a lot of the stress in their face. So laughs or smiles can help relieve some of that tension and improve the situation.
definition of anxiety
negative psychological and physiological state which created by perception or concern over a threat that are disproportionate to the actual threat
5 physiological symptoms of anxiety
– Heart palpitations
– Sweating
– Trembling
– Muscle weakness and tension
– Physical fatigue
5 psychological symptoms of anxiety
– Nervousness
– Worry
– Mental fatigue
– Concentration problems
– Apprehension
what are the finding from conn (2010)
PA interventions decrease anxiety symptoms (ES - .22)
more effective with supervised vs home based
MVPA over low intensity
fitness facility vs at home
what are the finding from wipfli (2008)
PA interventions lowered anxiety more than non-treatment groups (ES = .48)
comparable to or better than CBT, group therapy, light exercise, stress management, or music therapy
not more effective than pharmacotherapy although nearly so
Describe the Adamson et al (2016) study
purpose: PA and SB’s effect on depression scores
hypothesis: higher SB = higher depression regardless of PA
sample: 3045, 18+ NHAMES participant with depression data who wore an accelerometer for 4 days
Overall findings: for non-compliant PAG an increase in sedentary behavior led to an increase in depression scores, for compliant PAG an increase in SB did not mean an increase in depression scores
strengths & limitations:
Conclusion: meeting PAG = less risk of depression regardless of SB, PA has a protective effect against negative mental health effects/impacts of SB
describe issues or concerns surrounding treatment options for anxiety and depression in adults and kids
medication is not always safe especially for children. It has long term effects on the liver. Many refuse to seek treatment because of societal norms.
discuss the Neidermeier et al (2020) study on the acute effects of a short bout of PA on cognition. Explain what they had their participants do and what their finding were.
Used a trail making pre and post test.
The PA group showed higher visual attention post-exercise
what is the PAAC (physical activity across the curriculum)
The PAAC incorporates physical activity with academia, which is important because of the long amounts of time student are inside a classroom participating in only SB it also increases reading scores, oral language and writing.
Give two examples of how you might incorporate PAAC for kids in school
Creating a song with a dance to go with it for memorization of material
Going outside and throwing balls to each other to learn each others names or important concepts
Describe the Donnelly et al., (2009; see pages 168 - 170 and slides) study on PAAC over
three years. Who was the sample and what was the design? What were their primary and secondary purposes? What did they find? What impact did teachers have in the results?
Sample: children from 24 different elementary schools, 665 boys and 677 girls all in grades 2-3 ending in 4-5
Design: a cluster randomizes control trial
primary and secondary purposes: change in body mass index, daily PA measured by an accelerometer, academic achievement.
Teacher’s participation in classroom PA was directly related to children’t physical activities.
Draw label and explain Fox & Corbin’s hierarchical model of physical self esteem.
Global self esteem
Physical self esteem
physical condition, body attractiveness, sport competence, strength competence
physical condition (subdomain)
Perceptions of level of physical activity and confidence to perfrom PA in exercise setting, stamina and fitness, ability to maintain exercise
sport competence (subdomain)
perceptions of sport and athletic ability, ability to learn sport skills quickly, confidence in sport environmennt
body attractiveness (subdomain)
perceived attractiveness of figure, ability to maintain attractive body, confidence in appearance
strength competence (subdomain)
perceived strength, muscle development, confidence in situations requiring strength
