Joints (EXAM 1)

Question 1

Types of Joints

Answer 1

• Synarthroses (nonsynovial)

- Diarthroses (synovial)

Question 2

Types of Nonsynovial Joints

Answer 2

• Fibrous

- Cartilaginous

Question 3

Types of Fibrous Nonsynovial Joints

Answer 3

• Suture
• Syndesmosis
• Gomphosis

Question 4

Types of Cartilagenous Nonsynovial Joints

Answer 4

• Symphysis

- Synchondrosis

Question 5

Suture

Answer 5

• The bones are connected by a thin fibrous membrane

- As we age the bones grow together, they form a synostosis, and little to no movement is possible

Question 6

Syndesmosis

Answer 6

A type of fibrous joint in which two bones are joined directly by a ligament, cord or aponeurotic membrane

Question 7

Gomphosis

Answer 7

• The two bony components are adapted to each other like a peg in a hole. The two components are connected by fibrous tissue
• The only example in the human body is where the conical process of a tooth is inserted into the bony socket of the mandible or maxilla

Question 8

Symphysis

Answer 8

The two bony components are directly joined by fibrocartilage in the form of disks or plates

Question 9

Synchondrosis

Answer 9

• Permanent synchondrosis: is a joint in which the material used for connecting the two components is hyaline growth cartilage. The cartilage forms a bond between two ossifying centers of bone
• Temporary synchondrosis: epiphyseal plates which ossify as you reach skeletal maturity

Question 10

Diarthrosis (Synovial Joints)

Answer 10

• The ends of the two bony components are free to move in relation to one another because no cartilaginous tissue directly connects adjacent bony surfaces.
• The bony components are indirectly connected to one another by means of a joint capsule the encloses the joint.

Question 11

Features of Synovial Joints

Answer 11

• A joint capsule
• A joint cavity that is enclosed by the joint capsule
• A synovial membrane that lines the inner surface of the capsule
• Synovial fluid
• Hyaline cartilage that covers the joint surfaces.

Question 12

Axes of Synovial Joints

Answer 12

• Monaxial
• Biaxial
• Triaxial

Question 13

Monaxial Joints

Answer 13

• Permits movement in one plane

- Types: hinge, pivot

Question 14

Biaxial

Answer 14

• Permits movement in two planes

- Types: gliding, condyloid, saddle

Question 15

Triaxial

Answer 15

• Permits movement in 3 planes

- Types: ball and socket