Joints Gross ExII Flashcards
Sternoclavicular Joint
- Plane Gliding (can act as ball/socket)
- Articulating Surfaces:
- Sternal end of Clavicles
- Sternum with sternal end of Clavicle
- 1st Rib (costal notch) with clavicle
- Ligaments:
- Interclavicular Ligament
- Ant/Post Sternoclavicular Ligaments (Wall)
- Costoclavicular Ligament
- Nerve Supply: Supraclavicular N and N2S
- Articular disc separates joint cavity
- Jt articulates axial skeleton with upper extremity
- Most stable jt upper extremity
- Passive movements: elevation/depression, pro/retraction, some rotation
Acromioclavicular Joint
-Plane Gliding Joint
-Articulation:
-Acromion Process (scap)
-Lateral end of clavicle (trap and conoid)
-Ligaments:
1. Superior Acromioclavicular Lig.
2. Inferior Acromioclavicular Lig.
3. Coracoclavicular Lig (Trapezoid & Conoid)
-Nerve Supply:
Suprascapular
Axillary
Dorsal Scapular
-Not as stable as SC but more stable than shoulder joint
-All passive Movements: Elevation/Depression, Pro/retraction, rotation
-Thin weak capsular (needs other ligs)
Glenohumeral Joint
- Ball & Socket Joint - universal joint - greatest range of motion but unstable
- Articulation
- Glenoid Cavity
- Head of Humerus
- Ligaments:
- Glenohumeral - Intrinsic (prevents lat rot.)
- Coracoacromial - Wall (prevents elevation)
- Coracohumeral - Prevents lat rotation
- Suprascapular - makes scap. notch a tube 4 nerve
- Transverse Humeral - holds LHBB in place making tube of inter tubercular groove
- Nerves:
- Suprascapular
- Axillary
- SITS muscles very important 4 stability..C5 C6 damage weakens those muscles
- Capsular lig thin and lax for movement
- Glenoid Labrum makes cavity deeper 4 articulation
Elbow Complex
Elbow Joint and Proximal Radioulnar Joint
Elbow Joint
- Hinge/Ginglymus Joint
- Articulation:
- Trochlea
- Capitulum
- Trochlear Notch of Ulna
- Head of Radius
- Ligaments:
- Annular Lig (Wall) - radial head n place
- Lateral Collateral Lig - prevents adduction
- Medial Collateral Lig - prevents abduction
- Nerves: Musculo. Radial, Ulnar, Median
- Flexion prevented by soft on soft
- Extension prevented by bone on bone
- Capsular Lig: loose ant to post on humerus and ulna for flexion
Proximal Radioulnar Joint
-Pivot Joint/ Trochoid Joint
-Articulations: Radial Head and Radial Notch of ulna
-Same ligaments as Elbow Complex
-Interosseus Membrane (lig)
-Oblique cord
Both limit Supination
-Only Rotation available here
Distal Radioulnar Joint
-Pivot Joint/Trochoid Joint
-Articulations:
-Head of Ulna
-Ulnar notch of Radius
-Ligaments:
-Anterior Transverse Ligament
-Posterior Transverse Ligament
Both strengthen the capsular ligament and prevent supination
-Nerve Supply: Radial Nerve
-Articular Disc attaches Ulnar notch to styloid process of ulna = chief uniting structure of joint
-Only Pronation and Supination!
-Capsular Ligament encloses the joint but is weak.
Which is stronger b/w supination and pronation
Supination. Supination also more important (eating, bringing things closer to eyes) Assisted by Biceps Brachii
Functions of Interosseus Membrane Ligament
- Opening Superior end for Posterior Interosseus Blood Vessels
- Functions: Strength and stability b/w R & U
- Limit Supination
- ^^ SA for muscle attachment post and ant FA muscles
Joints that use an Articular Disc:
Sternoclavicular Joint Distal Radioulnar Joint Radiocarpal Joint (aka wrist joint)
Radiocarpal Joint
-AKA Wrist Joint
-Condyloid Joint
-Articulations:
-Distal end of Radius, Articular disc, Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral
-Ligaments:
-Palmar Radiocarpal lig.-limit ext
-Dorsal Radiocarpal lig.-limit flex
-Palmar Ulnocarpal lig.-limit ext
-Radial Collateral lig. - limit adduction
-Ulnar Collateral lig. - limit ABduction
Both collateral ligs are from styloid processes to the carpal bones on their side
-Nerves:
-Median
-Radial
-Ulnar
-Ulna does NOT contribute to articulations
-NO Rotation
