kefalaio 23 (meros 4)

Question 1

triti sixnotita thanatou ston ditiko kosmo

Answer 1

aee(kardiagkeiaka ,ca)

Question 2

aee sixnotera..

Answer 2

stous andres ,anw 55

Question 3

i endokrania piesi pia piesi avksanei

Answer 3

tin fleviki

Question 4

aee

Answer 4

80% isxaimika, 20% aimoragika(12%endoegkefaliki aimoragia,8% eksagkeiwsi ston ip xoro epomenos iparaxnoeidi aimoragia)

Question 5

se vlavi prosthias egkefalikis exoume(aimatwnei esw epifaneia egk imisfairiou ews parakentro lovio elegxei katw akro kai akrateies):

Answer 5

paralisi kai diataraxi en to vathei aisthitikotitas tou antiplevrou katw akrou,akrateia ourwn(paralisi periferikou tmimatos katw akrou,provlima sto paxi entero ,alla kai piramidiki sindromi )

Question 6

mesi egkefaliki,anion kladoi(einai floiwdeis,metwpiaio kai vregmatiko) :

Answer 6

perioxi broca kai+ kinitikotita kai aisthitikotita twn antiplevrwn :prosopou kai anw akrou

Question 7

mesi egkefaliki kation kladoi(floiwdeis ,

Answer 7

perioxi wernicke + agnwsies kai apraksies,optiki aktinovolia(omoplevri katw tetartokikliki anopsia)

Question 8

mesi egkefaliki ,diatitrainontes kladoi (vasika gagglia kai esw kapsa epomenws den exoume imianopsia afasia kai aisthitikes diataraxes)

Answer 8

antiplevri imipligia(katw meros prosopou,omotimi prosvoli anw kai katw akrou(arxika xalari paralisi kai argotera spastiki)

Question 9

se monoplevri okseia stenwsi esw karotidas exoume

Answer 9

apofraksi ofthalmikis aririas omoplevra(thamvos orasis-amavrosis fugax) kai inteplevri adinamia kai aimwdia logo isxaimias mesis kai prosthias egkefalikis=> xiasti optikopiramidiki sindromi

Question 10

pote exoume locked in syndrome

Answer 10

se isxaimia vasikis artirias ,giati afti nevrwnei tin gefira ,pio panw leitourgei to kino kinitiko

Question 11

vlavi sto stelexos exoume… sindromi

Answer 11

epalasousa (vlavi egkefalikwn sizigiwn omoplevra kai kinitikwn i aisthitikwn diataraxwn antiplevra)

Question 12

isxaimia mesegkefalou

Answer 12

prosvoli koinou kinitikou,apoklinwn stravismos

Question 13

isxaimia opisthias katw paregkefalidikis–>isxaimia promiki(sindromo wallenberg pou einai epalasousa)

Answer 13

kai isxaimia aithousiaou =>peristrofikos iligkos naytia emetoi,dislitourgeia 9 10 c.n

Question 14

isxaimia paregkefalidas

Answer 14

zali nautia emetos nistagmos ,paregkefalidiki ataksia ,kai apo oidima tis piesi sti gefira

Question 15

ct gia isxaimiko aee poso xrono thelei na fanei

Answer 15

48 h(ipopikni perioxi me safi oria)

Question 16

likofotiki perioxi

Answer 16

i perioxi pou ardevete apo dio artiries ,afti tou isxaimikou kai apo kapoia alli giafto ta kittara tis ipoleitourgoun

Question 17

mri isxaimikou aee

Answer 17

se liges wres t2 avksimeni entasi ,t1 meiwmeni

Question 18

antimetwpisi okseias egkefalikis isxaimias

Answer 18

anapnevstiki leitourgeia ,kardiaki leitourgeia ,artiriaki piesi (oxi apotomi meiwsi),amesi antimetwpisi piretou ,isizigio igrwn(xorigisi isotonwn dialeimatwn) ,oxi dialimata glykozis giati avksnoun to galaktiko kai zwtika

Question 19

epiplokes okseos isxaimikou ee

Answer 19

piretos ,limwkseis (pnevmonon kai ouropoitikou) , katakliseis ,iperglykaimia(apo ekrisi kortizolis kai katexolamines) ,en to vathei flevothromvwsi,miokardiopatheia

Question 20

nevrikos kindinos okseos isxaimikou ee

Answer 20

na egkoleasei logo avksimenou egkefalikou oidimatos(diaskinidiaka),epipedo sinidisis,metaptwsi isaimikou kai aimoragiko

Question 21

defterogeni prolipsi (isxaimikou aee) (dld aftoi pou to pathan na min ksanapathoun deftero)

Answer 21

antiaimopetaliaka opws aspirini klopidogreli tiklopidini

Question 22

pws onomazontai oi perioxes pou aimatwnountai apo telikous kladous artiriwn

Answer 22

methories zwnes

Question 23

epiplokes aimoragikou aee apo riksi anevrismatos

Answer 23

idrokefalos logo flegmonodou antidrasis,agkeiosispasmos(4-12d) , epanemfanisi riksis

Question 24

antimetwpisi agkeiosispasmou aimoragikou aee

Answer 24

nimodipini(ca channel blocker)

Question 25

antimetwpisi egkefalikou anevrismatos

Answer 25

xeirourgeio kai klinostatismos gia 4w

Question 26

prognwsi iparaxnoeidous aimoragias

Answer 26

30% paithanoun prwto 24 kai 40% paithanoun tin prwti evdomada

Question 27

aimatwsi egkefalou apo poious kladous

Answer 27

2/3 karotidiko kai 1/3 spondilavasiko (15% tis kardiakis p)

Question 28

thromvwsi kai emvoli pou na kanei estiaki egkefaliki isxaimia kanei i _

Answer 28

athirwmatiki nosos twn megalwn agkeiwn (koini kai esw karotida)

Question 29

tipoi isxaimikwn aee

Answer 29

parodiko(24H prili apokatastasi),anastrepsimo(>24h pliri apokatastasi) ,ekselissomeno (epidinwsi kata tis prwtes meres),egkatestimeno( monimo nevrologiko eleimma)

Question 30

pathogenesi isxaimikwn

Answer 30

meiwnete to o2 kai i glikozi ,epomenos meiwnete to atp ,exoume anaerovia glikolisi kai paragwgi galaktikou oksews (metavoliki oksewsi) ,diataraxi isoropias stin antalagi iontwn (mpainei na ca) apeleftherwsi litikwn enzimwn kai eleftherwn rizwn me kittariko thanato

Question 31

isxaimia opisthias egkefalikis(aimatwnei iniako lovo,mesegkefalo,optiko thalamo kai ipothalamo)

Answer 31

se apofraksi stelexous exoume omonimi imianopsia,antiplevri imiparesi imipesthisia

Question 32

isxaimia epipolis kladwn opisthias egkefalikis

Answer 32

omonimi imianopsia ,diatirisi kentrikis orasis,optiki agnwsia

Question 33

isxaimia diatitrainwnwn kladwn opisthias egkefalikis

Answer 33

omoplevri pparalisi kinou kinitikou kai anteplevri imiparesi kai imi ipaisthisia

Question 34

isxaimia vasikis artirias(aimatwnei gefira paregkefalida)

Answer 34

tetrapligia vathi kwma ,kores se misis alla antanakloun se fws , mporei na kanei locked in syndrome

Question 35

se isxaimia egkefalikou stelexous pou einai oi vlaves

Answer 35

apo egkefalikes sizigies omopelvra pros tin valvi kai kinitikes kai aisthitikes antiplevra(epalasousa)

Question 36

dd okseia egkefalikis isxaimias

Answer 36

ipoglikaimiki krisi ,lipothimiko epeisodio , orthostatiki ipotasi , sigkoptiki krisi ,epilipsia ,lavirinthika sindroma ,skp

Question 37

xronia mikroaggeiopatheia tou egkefalou

Answer 37

exoume prosvoli artiriwn mirkou evrous (apo ipertasi) vlavi kanei paxinsi kai lipoialinwsi tou toixwmatos twn diatitrainontwn artiridiwn ,isxaimoun vasika gagglia eesw ksapsa gefira levki ousia ,,dimiourgountai kenoxoria(lacunes) ,gloiwsi kai atrofia lefkis ->leukoaraiwsi (nossos binswanger),disarthria diskataposia sinaisthimatiki asthatheia vadisi me mikra vimata mexri kai anoia agkeiakis aitiologias

Question 38

logoi endoefkefalikis aimoragias(aimoragiko aee)

Answer 38

ipertasi,amiloeidiki aggeiopatheia,aggeiakes displasies ,neoplasies ,antipitiki agwgi,aggeiitides ,kokaini

Question 39

simptwmata endoegkefalikis aimoragias

Answer 39

kefalalgias emetos diataraxi epipedou sinidisis, aimoragia ston fakoeidi vlepei tin vlavi tou me imiparesi kai imipaisthisia,thalamos :siglisi kai pros ta katw oi ofthalmoi,gefira :tetrapligia kai koma ,kores me entoni misi antidroun sto fos, paregkefalida:zali emetos diataraxi isoropias

Question 40

ct sto aimoragiko aee

Answer 40

iperpikrni tis prwtes wres

Question 41

therapeia aimoragikou aee

Answer 41

elexos zwtikwn,elexos ap oxi epithetiki meiwsi,diakopi antipiktikis,xorigisi vit k ,apoidimatika

Question 42

pote tha xeirourgisoume se aimoragiko aee

Answer 42

otan einai prospelasimo to simeio,otan den statheropoite i katastasi ,avksaete end piesi,iparxei ca i agkeiodisplasia

Question 43

aitia iparaxnoeidous aimoragias

Answer 43

kak ,riksi anevrismatos,af displasia,artir ipertasi,ca ,aggitida

Question 44

simptwmata iparaxnoeidous aimoragias

Answer 44

kefalalgia diplwpia thamvos orasis,aifnidia kefalalgia ,diataraxi sinidisis,epilipsia naftia emetos ,diskampsia

Question 45

se poio anevrisma exoume ofthalmokinitikes diataraxes

Answer 45

esw karotidas