Keratitis

Question 1

What is keratitis

Answer 1

Inflammation and potential ulceration of the cornea
*causes decreased vision
*can eventually lead to blindness

Question 2

What are some causes of keratitis

Answer 2

1. Bacterial
2. Viral
3. Vitamin A deficiency
4. Contact wearers
5. Exposure to chemicals, hobbies, occupation

Question 3

What is the etiology of bacterial keratitis

Answer 3

Aggressive
1. Staph
2. Strep
3. Pseudomonas a
4.Moraxella

Question 4

What are the signs of bacteria keratitis

Answer 4

1. Pain
2. Presence of purulent material
3. Discharge
4. Hazy area in cornea with central ulcer, well-circumscribed
5. Hypopyon

Question 5

What is hypopyon

Answer 5

Purulent material present in anterior chamber

Question 6

How to diagnose bacterial keratitis

Answer 6

1. Slit-lamp fluorescein exam
   *disruption of corneal epithelium
   *cloudy infiltrate access in stoma
   *inflammatory cellular changes in anterior chamber
2. Corneal scraping from ulcer is present

Question 7

What needs to happen if someone has a bacterial keratitis

Answer 7

Emergent referral for ophthalmology

Question 8

What is the tx for bacterial keratitis

Answer 8

Immediate topical ATB hourly for first 48 hours
1. Fluoroquinolones
2. Must r/o fungal infections
3. Ophthalmology will decide on need for topical corticosteroids

Question 9

What can delayed treatment or ineffective treament of bacterial keratitis lead to?

Answer 9

1. Corneal scarring
2. Long term issues including blindness