Kohlberg's 'Gender Consistency Theory - Gender Flashcards

1
Q

What does the theory suggests?

A

That as the brain matures thinking about gender becomes more sophisticated

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2
Q

What type of theory is it?

A

Cognitive Development theory

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3
Q

What are the 3 stages?

A

Gender identity, gender stability, gender consistency

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4
Q

What is the gender identity stage?

A

Age 2-3

  • The child recognises he/she is a boy/girl
  • Observe and pay attention to same sex individuals = play more with them
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5
Q

What is the gender stability stage?

A

Age 3-7

- Awareness that gender is fixed = remains the same across different situations

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6
Q

What is the gender consistency stage?

A

Age 7-12

  • Recognises that superficial changes in appearance or actives do not alter gender
  • Act in a consistently sex-typed manner = example of self socialisation
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7
Q

What did Munroe find?

A

That there is a cross cultural agreement on the sequence of gender concept development = supports as suggests stages of development are biological

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8
Q

How does Munroe’s study address N/N?

A

Suggests gender development is nature as it is the same across cultures suggesting it is biological and not to do with how children are nurtured.

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9
Q

What does this theory ignore?

A

The influence of external factors - boys being punished for acting feminine but being rewarded for being masculine - vice versa

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10
Q

What did McConaghy do?

A

Demonstrated gender stability:
- Children given dolls with their genitals clearly visible through transparent clothing. They assigned gender on the basis of clothing not the visible gender

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11
Q

Why does McConaghy’s study support the theory?

A

Shows children do not yet recognises that sex remains the same across different situations

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12
Q

What did …. do?

A

Showed 3-5 year olds photos of naked children and photos of the same children dressed in gender related clothing

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13
Q

What did … find and what does this show?

A

Just less than 50% knew that gender remained the same
= Shows Kohlberg’s methods were too hard and that given the right method children demonstrated gender consistency earlier than Kohlberg believed

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14
Q

How does PAS related to … study?

A

The methods used in these studies are not very scientific as in everyone gender is operationalised differently

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15
Q

What did Levy et al do?

A

Children undertook a 2 part interview that assessed the degree of gender schematisation - opposite theory to gender consistency

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16
Q

What did Levy et al find?

A
  • Children’s gender schematisation and other cognitive gender schema factors were strongly associated with children’s accuracy in attributing gender-role stereotypes to both males and females
  • Stage of gender consistency was not significantly correlated with any of children’s gender-role stereotype attributions
17
Q

What does Levy et al’s study show?

A
  • Shows gender schemas are more important than gender consistency
18
Q

How does Levy et al’s study address RWA and N/N?

A

RWA: Shows its really important to help young children having less stereotypes gender roles as this will not change throughout life
N/N: society effects view on gender e.g. how equal society is - if women are less equal schemas will reflect this