L10 - chemical and biomechanical principles underlying energetics of human movement.

Question 1

what are the most abundant elements in our body

Answer 1

(98%) carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen.

Question 2

what is an isotope

Answer 2

Same number of protons but differ in the amount of neutrons, sharing the same atomic number but changing in mass. They may have different properties but similar chemical reactions.

Question 3

how do atoms have electric charges.

Answer 3

Atoms can gain or lose electrons and become charged (ion): cation (+ charged) anion (- charged) Electron (e-) configuration affects ability to combine/ react with other molecules Esp. # electrons in outer shell (valence e-)

Question 4

covalent bonds

Answer 4

Electrons are shared between the two e.g. H2O.

Question 5

glucose molecule

Answer 5

6 carbon molecule, making an organic molecule.

Question 6

ionic bond

Answer 6

NaCl give electrons to one another.

Question 7

can double bonds be areas of reaction with another compound?

Answer 7

yes e.g. polyunsaturated (double bonds) fats are more easily oxidised than hydrogenated (no double bonds) fats.

Question 8

substituted (methyl-) xanthines

Answer 8

caffine, theobromine and theophylline. all nervous system stimulants.

Question 9

what is acidity the measure of

Answer 9

H+ conc

Question 10

lower pH =

Answer 10

more acid

Question 11

what affects acid-base balance in body?

Answer 11

ingestion foods, metabolism and hyperventilation.

Question 12

oxidation

Answer 12

losing electrongs.

Question 13

reduction

Answer 13

gaining electrons