L15: Deep Back Muscles

Question 1

epaxial muscles

Answer 1

more dorsal

innervated by dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 2

hypaxial muscles

Answer 2

more ventral

innervated by ventral rami of spinal nerves

Question 3

3 groups of back muscle arrangement

Answer 3

superficial
intermediate
deep

Question 4

superficial back muscles

Answer 4

–extrinsic
connect limb to axial skeleton

innervated by ventral rami or CN XI

Question 5

examples of superficial back muscles

Answer 5

1. trapezius
2. lats
3. levator scapulae
4. rhomboids

Question 6

intermediate back muscles

Answer 6

–extrinsic
respiratory muscles

innervated by ventral rami

ex. serratus posterior group

Question 7

deep back muscles

Answer 7

–intrinsic
true intrinsic back muscles innervated by dorsal rami

3 groups of deep muscles sup. inter. deep

Question 8

superficial deep back muscles

Answer 8

splenius capitis

splenius cervicis

Question 9

intermediate deep back muscles

Answer 9

iliocostalis
longissimus
spinalis

Question 10

deep-deep back muscles

Answer 10

semispinalis
multifidus
rotatores

Question 11

muscles in thoracic area are interrupted by ?

Answer 11

ribs

Question 12

example of deep back muscle groups

Answer 12

• -spinotransversalis
• -erector spinae complex
• -transversospinalis group

Question 13

thoracolumbar fascia

Answer 13

triangular-shaped sheet of tough CT

covers lower back

Question 14

thoracolumbar fascia is a partial site of origin for ?

Answer 14

lats and abdominal oblique muscles

Question 15

thoracolumbar fascia: attachments of posterior, middle, and anterior lamina

Answer 15

post - lumbar spinous processes

mid - lumbar transverse processes

ant - lumbar transverse processes

Question 16

which thoracolumbar fascia lamina is the deepest?

Answer 16

anterior lamina

Question 17

serratus posterior is divided into _____ parts: and named ?

Answer 17

2 parts

superior and inferior

Question 18

serratus posterior superior: origin/insertion

Answer 18

ligamentum nuchae
spinous process of C7 - T1

ribs 2-5

Question 19

serratus posterior superior and inferior actions

Answer 19

s - elevate upper ribs during inspiration

I - pull lower ribs inferiorly and counteract diaphragm

Question 20

serratus posterior inferior: origin/insertion

Answer 20

spinous process of T11-12,L1

ribs 10-12

Question 21

serratus posterior innervation

Answer 21

ventral rami of intercostals

Question 22

categorize the 3 types of back muscles as extrinsic or intrinsic

Answer 22

superficial and intermediate are extrinsic

deep muscles are the only true intrinsic muscles

Question 23

superficial intrinsic back muscles make up the ______ system

Answer 23

spinotransversalis system

Question 24

spinotransversalis system factors

Answer 24

• -muscles run laterally and upward
• -attach to transverse processes and skull
• –has 2 parts

Question 25

spinotransversalis system muscles

Answer 25

splenius capitis | splenius cervicis

Question 26

intermediate intrinsic back muscles make up the _______ system

Answer 26

sacrospinalis system

Question 27

sacrospinalis system factors

Answer 27

- --collectively forms erector spinae group - -run longitudinal and upward - -attach to transverse processes, ribs and spinous processes - --3 parts

Question 28

sacrospinalis system muscles

Answer 28

1. iliocostalis 2. longissimus 3. spinalis

Question 29

deep intrinsic back muscles make up the _______ system

Answer 29

transversospinalis system

Question 30

transversospinalis system factors

Answer 30

- -covered by sacrospinalis group - -run laterally and insert medially - -from transverse process to transverse process - -3 parts

Question 31

transversospinalis system muscles

Answer 31

1. semispinalis 2. multifidus 3. rotatores

Question 32

cutaneous innervation of back is broken down into two sections

Answer 32

along the midline laterally

Question 33

cutaneous innervation along the midline of the back

Answer 33

dorsal (posterior) rami of thoracic spinal nerves

Question 34

cutaneous innervation along lateral back

Answer 34

lateral cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves

Question 35

all true intrinsic muscles of the back are innervated by ?

Answer 35

dorsal rami

Question 36

what are the 3 groups of intrinsic back muscles?

Answer 36

1. superficial or spinotransversalis 2. intermediate or sacrospinalis or erector spinae 3. deep or transversospinalis

Question 37

splenius capitis - origin/insertion

Answer 37

spinous process C7-T1-4 superior nuchal line and mastoid

Question 38

splenius cervices - origin/insertion

Answer 38

spinous process T3-6 C1-4 transverse processes (w/ levator scapula)

Question 39

iliocostalis - special arrangement

Answer 39

runs most lateral of sacrospinalis system goes around and runs on both sides of ribs

Question 40

iliocostalis components, origin, insertion, action

Answer 40

lumborum, thoracis, cervices ilium and sacrum most ribs extends back, keeps erect posture

Question 41

longissimus - location

Answer 41

middle portion of erector spinae

Question 42

longissimus components, origin, insertion

Answer 42

thoracis, cervices, capitis transverse processes and sacrum most ribs

Question 43

spinalis components, origin, insertion

Answer 43

thoracis, cervices, capitis spinous processes of T11-12 spinous processes of thoracic and lower cervical vertebrae

Question 44

spinalis location

Answer 44

most medial erector spinae

Question 45

semispinalis components, origin, insertion

Answer 45

thoracis, cervices, capitis C4-T6 cervical vertebrae and between sup/inf. nuchal lines

Question 46

multifundus origin, insertion

Answer 46

from sacrum, transverse processes up to C4 spinous processes of all vertebrae passes traverses 3 segments

Question 47

rotatores is covered by ?

Answer 47

multifundus

Question 48

rotatores orientation

Answer 48

pass from root of transverse process to root of superior spinous process above either long or short

Question 49

rotatores long and short

Answer 49

long - span two segments short - span one segment

Question 50

intrinsic segmental deep back muscles

Answer 50

1. interspinales | 2. intertransversarii