Lab Final

Question 1

What is the equation for cellular respiration? Which are the reactants and which are products?

Answer 1

(Reactants/substrate) Glucose + O2———> (products) CO2+h2o+atp

Question 2

What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Answer 2

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in ETC

Question 3

How did exercise affect your body’s production of carbon dioxide?

Answer 3

Exercise increased carbon dioxide production, because you’re breathing harder & breathing more.

Question 4

What does DNA’s structure consist of?

Answer 4

Phosphate deoxyribose backbone, nitrogenous base complementary pairings with hydrogen bond (A->T, G->C) making double helix.

Question 5

Why is DNA replication called semi conservative?

Answer 5

Because it conserves half of the old parental double helix in each new double helix daughter strand.

Question 6

What was the function of each of the following procedures:

1. Filter strawberry slurry through cheesecloth.
2. Mush strawberry with salty/soapy solution.
3. Initial smashing and grinding of strawberry.
4. Addition of ethanol to filtered extract.

Answer 6

1. Separate components of the cell.
2. Break up proteins and dissolve cell membranes.
3. Break open the cells.
4. Precipitate DNA from solution.

Question 7

What are some reasons it is important for scientist to be able to remove DNA from an organism?

Answer 7

Forensic Science, medical research

Question 8

What happened when you added ethanol to your strawberry extract?

Answer 8

DNA was separated and rose to the top, the DNA was clumped.

Question 9

What is a gene?

Answer 9

A sequence of DNA nucleotides that codes for a specific protein or RNA molecule

Question 10

Name all of the cycles of cell division.

Answer 10

G1, S phase, G2, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.

Question 11

What is the purpose of the Kinetochore?

Answer 11

Protein molecule that attaches a sister chromatid to a spindle fiber.

Question 12

What occurs in prophase one in meiosis?

Answer 12

Crossing over

Question 13

What occurs in telophase 1 in meiosis?

Answer 13

Daughter cells form and going to divide again

Question 14

What is the name of the organ that produces gametes?

Answer 14

Testes and ovaries

Question 15

Name of gametes?

Answer 15

Sperm and egg

Question 16

What is the number of chromosomes in the gametes?

Answer 16

Half, n, haploid

Question 17

What results and fertilization?

Answer 17

Zygote diploid 2n

Question 18

What is the chemical reaction of cellular respiration?

Answer 18

C6H12O6+6 O2——->

6CO2+6H2O+36ATP

Question 19

What is the difference between translation & transcription?

Answer 19

Translation is done in the nucleas & copies the message.
Translation is done on the ribosome and provides the message to make a protein.

Question 20

What occurs in each phase of interphase?

Answer 20

G1 cellular growth,
S-phase which is DNA replication
G2 prepares for mitosis,more growth

Question 21

What occurs in the cellular division phases?

Answer 21

Prophase, chromosomes condense, spindles form, nuclear membrane breaks apart, spindles attach to chromosomes.
Metaphase, chromosomes meet in the middle.
Anaphase, chromosomes pull apart.
Telophase, nuclear membrane and nucleus reform, chromosomes de-condense, spindles disappear.

Question 22

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 22

When they cell breaks apart, forms two identical daughter cells

Question 23

How many daughter cells are a product of mitosis versus meiosis? And what is the difference between those cells?

Answer 23

Mitosis creates two identical cells.

Meiosis creates four non-identical unique cells.

Question 24

What type of cells go through the cell cycle with mitosis and meiosis?

Answer 24

Mitosis-somatic cells.

Meiosis-germ cells.

Question 25

Which is the most devastating mutation?

Answer 25

Frameshift.

Question 26

What is the normal mutagen type?

Answer 26

Wildtype

Question 27

What is double-stranded, has the deoxyribose sugar, and nitrogenous bases T A G C?

Answer 27

DNA

Question 28

What is the genotype versus the phenotype?

Answer 28

Genotype is the genetic makeup. | phenotype is observable characteristics.

Question 29

Describe the anatomic position.

Answer 29

Reference position for the human body. Head is erect, eyes open, arm straight and by the sides, palms facing forward, knees straight, feet together, and flat on the ground.

Question 30

What is a body cavity?

Answer 30

Enclosed space inside the body

Question 31

What are the four main body cavities?

Answer 31

Cranial, vertebral, thoracic, Abdominopelvic

Question 32

What are the three sub cavities of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 32

Pleural cavity, mediastinum, and Pericardial

Question 33

What are the 2 sub-cavities of the abdominopelvic cavity?

Answer 33

Abdominal and pelvic

Question 34

What does the cranial cavity house?

Answer 34

Brain

Question 35

What does the vertebral canal house?

Answer 35

The spinal cord

Question 36

What does the thoracic cavity house?

Answer 36

Heart and lungs

Question 37

Lungs are located in a specific cavity known as?

Answer 37

Pleural cavities

Question 38

The heart is located in a specific cavity known as?

Answer 38

Pericardial cavity

Question 39

What does that mediastinum region house?

Answer 39

Between the plural cavities consisting of heart, esophagus, and vessels

Question 40

What does the abdominal cavity house?

Answer 40

Stomach, small intestine, most of the large intestine and various digestive organs (liver pancreas).

Question 41

What does the pelvic cavity house?

Answer 41

Terminal part of the large intestines and some of the reproductive organs of the female.

Question 42

When referring to the left or right regions of a patient, how do you determine which is correct?

Answer 42

Always the patients left or right

Question 43

What are the abdominal quadrants?

Answer 43

Right upper left upper right lower left lower

Question 44

What is the symptoms of appendicitis?

Answer 44

Pain in the lower right quadrant or right iliac region