Lab Final: Reproduction Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lab Final: Reproduction Deck (31)
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1
Q

ovulation

A

release of mature egg from ovary

2
Q

tubal ligation

A

sterilization for women, fallopian tubes tied

3
Q

vasectomy

A

sterilization for men, removes vas deferens

4
Q

fertilization

A

union of sperm and ova

5
Q

capacitation

A

after exposure to female secretions, sperm cap changes take place

6
Q

zona pellucida

A

thick membrane around ovum, can be penetrated by 1 sperm

7
Q

acrosomal reaction

A

reaction of acrosome of sperm when it reaches egg; fuses with oocyte membrane and breaks down coating

8
Q

polyspermy

A

fertilization of egg by more than one sperm

9
Q

chorion

A

extra-embryonic membrane that will enclose embryo and form placenta

10
Q

gamete

A

sperm and egg

11
Q

zygote

A

fertilized egg after penetration of sperm

12
Q

cleavage

A

series of mitotic cell divisions in zygote; creates more cells in same size; creates morula

13
Q

morula

A

produced by cleavage, once zygote has divided into 16 cells

14
Q

blastocyst

A

hollow ball of cells, from morula

15
Q

inner cell mass

A

aka embryoblast, mass of cells inside embryo that will become structures in fetus

16
Q

implantation

A

attachment of blastocyst to uterine epithelial lining

6-7 days after fertilization

17
Q

embryo

A

from fertilization until implantation

18
Q

fetus

A

from gastrulation until parturition

19
Q

parturition

A

giving birth

20
Q

lactation

A

secretion of milk from mammary glands

21
Q

gestation period

A

time from implantation until parturition

22
Q

menarche

A

first menstrual cycle

23
Q

menopause

A

last menstrual cycle and permanent cessation of menses

24
Q

estrogen

A

from corpus luteum, then placenta

development of milk

25
Q

progesterone

A

from corpus luteum, then placenta

maintenance of endometrium, suppression of contractions

26
Q

prolactin

A

from anterior pituitary

controls milk production

27
Q

relaxin

A

from ovary and placenta

prepares uterus and pelvis for delivery

28
Q

oxytocin

A

from posterior pituitary

causes uterine and breast smooth muscle contraction

29
Q

human chorionic gonadotropin

A

chorionic villi of developing placenta

keeps corpus luteum producing progesterone to keep endometrium intact

30
Q

fertilization process

A
sperm touches jelly coat
acrosomal reaction
coat digested by enzymes
bindin proteins reach receptors on egg
plasma membranes fuse
sodium ions flow into cell, more positive, no more sperm
egg releases calcium into cytoplasm
bindin receptors release
water flows in, raising envelope
fertilization cone brings sperm nucleus into egg
zygote
31
Q

reproduction process

A
ovulation (gamete)
coitus
ejaculation (gamete)
capacitation
acrosomal reaction
fertilization
zygote (embryo)
cleavage
morula
blastocyst
implantation (gestation)
gastrulation (fetus) 
lactation
parturition
baby