Language exam

Question 1

Many animals communicate using _____________ and _______________.

Answer 1

Sounds and actions

Question 2

What is the relationship between language usage and knowledge?

Answer 2

Language is way we acquire knowledge and dispense it to others

Question 3

How is speech produced and comprehended?

Answer 3

We are able to produce language very quickly with no planning

Question 4

Is ‘language’ uniquely human?

Answer 4

No. Lots of other animals can use tools and language.

Question 5

______________________ refer to objects, events, ideas, and feelings

Answer 5

Symbols

Question 6

__________________ govern how the symbols are combined to produce meaningful communication

Answer 6

Rules

Question 7

_________________ is speech sounds

Answer 7

Phonology

Question 8

_____________________ is the meaning of words

Answer 8

Semantics

Question 9

_____________________ is grammatical rules

Answer 9

Syntax

Question 10

________________________ are social rules of language (e.g. etiquette, rules of interacting)

Answer 10

Pragmatics

Question 11

There are different phonemes in different languages. True or false?

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Is human language different from what other animals do?

Answer 12

Humans have more grammatical structure and rules than animals do.

Question 13

Grammar allows people to talk in ______________________.

Answer 13

Sophisticated ways

Question 14

All languages use _______________________ to refer to objects, events, and feelings.

Answer 14

Symbols

Question 15

Do humans realize that they’re following language rules?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

________________ is a basic unit of sound

Answer 16

Phonemes

Question 17

English language uses ___ to ___ phonemes per word

Answer 17

40 to 45

Question 18

Hawaiian language only has ___ phonemes

Answer 18

15

Question 19

___________________ is an act accomplished in speaking and defined within a system of social conventions. (e.g. if John says to Mary Pass me the glasses, please, he performs the illocutionary act of requesting or ordering Mary to hand the glasses over to him)

Answer 19

Illocutionary intent

Question 20

Noam Chomsky believes that ______________.

Answer 20

Children have a head start for learning language at a young age.

Question 21

Noam Chomsky argues that __________________________.

Answer 21

Language doesn’t follow the same principals as other areas of cognition

Question 22

____________________ is the way word are combined within a language

Answer 22

Surface Structure (syntax)

Question 23

__________________________ is the underlying meaning of the combined words

Answer 23

Deep Structure (semantics)

Question 24

_________________________ is the idea that the human language faculty might be a computationally perfect solution to the problem of relating sound to meaning

Answer 24

Minimalism

Question 25

_____________________ involves -slow, effortful speech -little use of grammar -largely spared comprehension abilities

Answer 25

Broca’s Aphasia

Question 26

_________________________ involves -fluent speech production, clear articulation, no hesitation -invented words, nonsensical -severe comprehension difficulties

Answer 26

Wernicke’s Aphasia

Question 27

Language development may be a result of _________________________.

Answer 27

Cultural evolution

Question 28

____________________________ is creation and adoption of a standard term to refer to an object

Answer 28

Lexical Entrainment

Question 29

_______________________________ involves identifying words and components of words, determining relationships among words, understanding meanings and grammar, reading

Answer 29

Left Hemisphere Activation

Question 30

____________________________________ involves abstract language tasks (metaphors, humour, emotional components of language, etc.)

Answer 30

Right Hemisphere Activation

Question 31

__________________ language has no consitency or gramatical structure

Answer 31

Pidgin

Question 32

________________ language is very sophisticated and is created by the children of parents who use the pidgin language

Answer 32

Creole

Question 33

_________________ can create a new language effortlessly

Answer 33

Young children

Question 34

People with aphasia are good at picking up when people are ____________.

Answer 34

Lying