Last_year_exam Flashcards
(110 cards)
1
Q
PLASTIC not plasma
A
for what is not a conductor
2
Q
Accuracy of reading
A
= 2.5%
3
Q
What is done for a sampling conditioning probe?
A
Dilution & Filtering
4
Q
What is regular maintenance for a coriollis meter?
A
Requires additional cleaning if dirty process
5
Q
Where would you put orifice taps on a steam line?
A
Horizontal and below
6
Q
What does the surface area of coal improve when crushed?
A
Combustion
7
Q
What is annealing?
A
Relieves internal stress in metals
8
Q
Water w/ Natural gas burning is a
A
Chemical reaction
9
Q
Question #3 on Test.
A
Requires minimum voltage (Analog)
10
Q
O2 in a chem. Reaction is…?
A
Oxydant
11
Q
DP Trx how does it measure?
A
Infers the height
12
Q
What benefits in Cascade control?
A
The inner loop Helps stop manipulated variable variances
13
Q
PI output =
A
?
14
Q
What does a catalyst do?
A
Speeds up a chemical reaction
15
Q
Advantage of a grab sample?
A
Cheap/Inexpensive
16
Q
Selective control
A
low
17
Q
What is cascade control?
A
Uses output of primary controller to manipulate SP of secondary controller
18
Q
Pure H2O benefits from what measurement?
A
Conductivity
19
Q
What controller responds to setpoint & load changes?
A
D (derivative)
20
Q
For a liquid flow process what should the controller settings be?
A
TA: 0.5, 10
21
Q
What type of capacitance probe should be used in a conductive solution?
A
Insulated probe
22
Q
% of reading
A
Gauge
23
Q
What is a polar covalent bond?
A
Unequal sharing of 2 metals
24
Q
What is positive displacement?
A
Gas remover : overspeed
25
Insitu VS. Extractive sampling?
Insitu is cheaper
26
Self regulating
Process comes back on its own without control intervention
27
Characteristic of SMART Trx is?
Linearity
28
Bonding is used to
reduce electrostatic, eliminate zero shift
29
Any petro location is a what?
Hazardous location
30
When an atom lose/gains an electron?
LOSES --\> atom becomes “+” oxidation occurs GAINS --\> atom becomes “-“ reduction occurs LEO the lion goes GER
31
What is the graph for?
PI
32
What is the sum of error?
All possible errors
33
Derivative responds to?
SP and load changes
34
Magnetic law? Who invented?
FARADAY
35
What is the max loop resistance (ohms)?
600 ohm
36
What is Doppler flow measurement?
Change in frequency and time
37
Valve action
Reverse for both
38
What is lag?
Deadtime
39
What is the difference between coal and CH4 combustion?
Coal combustion does not produce H2O C + O2 --\> CO2 CH4 + O2 --\> CO2 + H2O
40
What is an I/P?
Transducer (Current mA, to, Pressure (PSI, kPa, etc))
41
Why is pH hard to measure?
Logarithmic scale Deadtime Hard to control Non linear Output 10x Difference
42
I/P current UP?
Reverse acting
43
How does ultrasonic level detection work?
Transmits a signal down to fluid and amount of time it takes to come back is inversely proportional to level.
44
How does a load cell work?
More resistance, more load
45
Pure water benefits from
conductivity measurement
46
What is the flow proportionality for vortex meters?
Vortices form is directly proportional to the flow rate
47
What is measured during a Rockwell hardness test?
Indentation
48
Non
Linear
49
Resolution calc. for DAC/ADC Ex. 4 -20 mA input with 10 bits
Res. = SPAN/STEP = (20mA – 4mA)/(2^10 1) = 15.6mA/step
50
What does phase lag do when gain decreases in a first order process?
Phase lag increases, gain decreases
51
Easiest way to calibrate a nuke meter?
Close shutter for full level 50% lvl (2nd Cal point) G.m down vessel wall between wall and detector. Output from detectors adjusted
52
How is a hydrostatic test performed?
With H2O
53
What is opacity?
Absorption of light in a solution
54
Define multi capacity.‐
A combination of deadtime & first order
55
Why do we ground both sides of a mag meter?
To eliminate electrostatic zero voltage shifts (charges)
56
Mechanical property?
Ductile
57
What type of process is it if gain changes at different points (3)?
Non linear, multicapacity, integrating
58
What is this C=C-C?
Propene
59
How do you measure level using radar?
Electromagnetic
60
Wet leg
?
61
What is group VIIA?
Halogens
62
Where is a particulate filter placed?
Before the analyzer
63
With a 5% increase in CO & a 10% decrease in PV, what is the gain?
= RA, 0.5 gain
64
First order + deadtime?
ke ^ dts / 1 + ti S
65
What is a worldwide used analyzer?
Chilled mirror
66
Manual bias?
PI
67
Valve positioner
Cascade Valve signature
68
Aromatics benzene (C6H6)
69
pH questions
ph \> 7 Basic pH
70
How do you determine derivative?
Is a measure of how a function changes as its input changes
71
\_\_C4H10 +\_\_ O2 ---\> \_\_CO2 +\_\_ H2O
-A = 1 in front of CO
72
What is measured when analyzing pH or electrical conductivity?
Measures activity of ions
73
Coriolis meter maintenance?
Clean and perform zero calibrations
74
Different gains in a process means?
Non-linear
75
What is kinematic viscosity equal to?
kinematic viscosity = dynamic viscosity/density
76
What is K Factor?
The amount of pulses per unit of volume . ex. Pulses per gallon, pulses per litre. Q = F \* 60 / K
77
What to monitor for stack/flue gases?
CO, O2
78
Why is shielding used?
To correct electromagnetic interference
79
How is turbidity measured?
Scattering of light in a solution
80
Reset wind up in selective?
Happens to both controllers Cascade can be eliminated through external feedback by connecting secondary to primary
81
Where do you shield on an instrument loop?
At one end only. No shield in the field, at control end only
82
2,2 dimethyl butane
83
Valve positioner =
Valve signature
84
What is bias?
Output of the controller when no errors exist
85
What are the products of coal in complete combustion?
CO + O2
86
Q/A =
No PID controller calibration
87
What is CV?
The flow coefficient of a device is a relative measure of its efficiency at allowing fluid flow. It describes the relationship between the pressure drop across an orifice, valve or other assembly and the corresponding flow rate.
88
What state is IIA?
Solids
89
Linear expansion, Temp co efficient expansion distance?
14.6 mm
90
What is Accuracy?
Defined as the closeness with which the output of a device represents the true value of the input to that device
91
What is the difference between a 2 wire and 4 wire Trx?
4 wire : uses 2 wires for power and 2 for 4-20 2 wire: uses both wires for power and 4-20
92
Calibration procedure
Zero, the span, repeat
93
Formula for Calcium Chloride?
CaCl2
94
Q/A =
Reset windup on both controllers
95
Disadvantage of a grab sample?
Inaccurate / Bypass line needed
96
Process requiring an Extended diaphragm?
Corrosive and slurries
97
What is Repeatability?
When you repeatedly input an amount and always get the same output
98
What is molar mass?
Mass of one mole
99
Closed loop?
Gain ---\> kc \* kp / 1 + kc\*kp
100
What oxidizes in H2O?
Fe (Iron)
101
What is possibility?
Sum of error
102
What is a communication standard?
RS 485
103
What is radiation?
Time, shield, distance
104
What is traceability?
“An unbroken chain”
105
What does benzene look like?
?
106
Why are magnetic ground straps important?
Prevents stray current from passing through
107
Selective control:
Low select
108
What is concentration?
mg/5L = ppm
109
Bluff body?
Directly proportion to flow
110
An Oxygen Ax detects a 20% increase in the fuel gas, what happens to A/F ratio?
AFR (up) and CO (down)
