law enforcement

Question 1

Crime preventers- early 18th century

Answer 1

• watchmen- patrolled cities at night
• parish constables- dealt with petty crimes
• soldiers- used to put down riots

Question 2

bow street runners

Answer 2

-established in 1749 by Henry Fielding, chief magistrate at Bow Street Court

1749- tracked down criminals
1754- patrolled streets

• his half brother- John, took over in 1754
• first- they charged fees but by 1785. they were paid by the government
• first ‘modern’ detectives
• branched out to patrolling major roads both on foot + horse
• beginning of a crime intelligence network

Question 3

Metropolitan Police, 1829

Answer 3

began Britians first international police force in London
1842- detective department set up

1856- Police Act, forced all towns and
counties to set up a pro police force

1878- CID set up

Question 4

Pentonville prison

Answer 4

Built in 1842: model for new idea about how prisons should run

Question 5

features of Pentonville

Answer 5

• housed dozens of cells.
• walls thick for no communication
• areas for prisoners to exercise

Question 6

Features of Pentonvile cells

Answer 6

barred windows
wash basin + toilet
loom for working on
bed mattress and blanket

Question 7

reasons for pentonville

Answer 7

• for rehabilitation- solitude was thought to be the best way
• for retribution- the isolation and boredom made criminals pay for their crime
• for a deterrent- serious punishment, scared others

Question 8

strengths of Pentonville

Answer 8

clean and far less diseased

people thought it would provide the right level of punishment- not seen as harsh as others

Question 9

weaknesses of Pentonville

Answer 9

continuous isolation led to mental illnesses and high suicide rates

no educations or instructions provided for prisoners to apply when they’re released