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Anatomy NWHSU > LE Lecture Exam > Flashcards

LE Lecture Exam Flashcards

(96 cards)

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1
Q

How do the arteries work?

A

They carry blood away from the chambers of the heart (except lungs)

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2
Q

How do the veins work?

A

They carry blood towards the chambers of the heart (except lungs)

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3
Q

Artery Design

A

thicker walls
more elastin

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4
Q

Vein Design

A

thinner walls
less elastin
more valves

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5
Q

What artery arises from the external iliac a. at the level of inguinal ligament?

A

Femoral artery

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6
Q

What does the femoral artery supply to?

A

Anterior compartment of the thigh

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7
Q

Borders of Femoral Triangle

A

Upper: Inguinal Ligament
Lateral: Medial border of Sartorius
Medial: Medial border of adductor longus

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8
Q

Roof of Femoral Triangle

A

Fascia Lata

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9
Q

Floor of Femoral Triangle (Medial to Lateral)

A

Adductor Longus
(Adductor Brevis)
Pectineus
Iliopsoas

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10
Q

Contents of Femoral Triangle (Lateral to Medial)

A

Femoral Nerve
Femoral Artery
Femoral Vein
Lymphatics
(NAVL)

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11
Q

What are the branches of the femoral artery?

A

Superficial epigastric a.
Superficial circumflex iliac a.
Superficial external pudendal a.
Deep external pudendal a.
Profunda femoris a.

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12
Q

Another name for the Deep Femoral A.?

A

Profunda Femoris a

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13
Q

Arteries that create the cruciate anastomosis

A

Medial femoral circumflex a
lateral femoral circumflex a
1st perforating branch a
Inferior gluteal a.

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14
Q

Upon passing the adductor hiatus, the femoral artery emerges posteriorly as the ?

A

Popliteal artery

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15
Q

What arteries form the anastomosis around the knee?

A

Superior medial genicular a.
Inferior medial genicular a.
Middle genicular a
Superior lateral genicular a.
Inferior lateral genicular a.

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16
Q

What does the popliteal a. bifurcate into?

A

Anterior Tibial a.
Posterior Tibial a.

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17
Q

What artery comes off the posterior tibial a.?

A

Fibular a.

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18
Q

What’s another name for the fibular artery? (Fibular in general)

A

Peroneal a.

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19
Q

Posterior Tibial A runs with?

A

Tibial n.

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20
Q

Anterior Tibial A runs with?

A

Deep fibular n.

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21
Q

Longest vein in the body?

A

Great Saphenous v.

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22
Q

Where does the great saphenous v. drain?

A

Digital
Dorsal Metatarsal
Dorsal Venous Arch

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23
Q

Vein that passes around lateral malleolus?

A

Small Saphenous V.

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24
Q

What veins accompany arteries of the same name?

A

Deep veins

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25
What does the deep fascia do?
Limit expansion of muscle Increase muscle efficiency Promote return of venous blood
26
Compartments of innervation
Anterior Medial Posterior Lateral
27
Another name for Gerdy's Tubercle?
Proximal, lateral, anterior tibial shaft
28
Another name for Pes Anserine?
Proximal, medial , anterior tibial shaft
29
Explain Trendelenburg's Sign
Pelvic imbalance where a hip drop occurs, and the opposite side of the hip drop is where the problem is occuring
30
Lateral Rotators of Hip
Piriformis Quadratus Femoris Obturator Internus Obturator Externus Gemellus Superior Gemellus Inferior
31
What muscle of the lateral rotators is not innervated by the sacral plexus? What is is instead innervated by?
Obturator Externus Obturator Nerve
32
(1) is innervated 2/3 of the time by this nerve (2) and 1/3 of the time by this nerve (3)
Pectineus Femoral N Obturator N
33
Muscles in the first layer of the foot
Abductor Digiti Minimus Abductor Hallicus Flexor Digitorum Brevis
34
Muscles in the second layer of the foot
Lumbricals Quadratus Plantae
35
Muscles in the third layer of the foot
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Adductor Hallicus Flexor Hallicus Brevis Opponens Digiti Minimi
36
Hip Flexion Muscles
Iliopsoas Sartorius TFL Rectus Femoris Gracilis Glute Med Glute Min Pectineus* Adductor Longus*, Brevis*, Magnus* *(weakly/assist)
37
Hip Extension Muscles
Glute Max BF LH Semi M Semi T Adductor Magnus Glute Med
38
Hip Adduction Muscles
Pectineus Adductor Longus, Brevis, Magnus Obturator Externus Gracilis Glute Max
39
Hip Abduction Muscles
Glute Max Glute Med Glute Min TFL Sartorius Piriformis (when hip is flexed)
40
Hip Medial Rotation Muscles
Glute Med Glute Max TFL Adductor Longus, Brevis, Magnus Pectineus Gracilis Semi T* Semi M* *(weakly/assist)
41
Hip Lateral Rotation Muscles
Obturator Externus/Internus Piriformis Superior/Inferior Gemelli Quadratus Femoris Glute Max, Min, Med Sartorius Iliopsoas
42
Knee Flexion Muscles
ALL hamstrings Gracilis Sartorius Gastrocnemius Popliteus
43
Knee Extension Muscles
Rectus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Vastus Intermedius
44
Knee Lateral Rotation Muscles
Biceps Femoris TFL
45
Knee Medial Rotation Muscles
Semi T Semi M Sartorius Gracilis
46
Plantar Flexion Muscles
Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis Posterior Fibularis Longus* Fibularis Brevis* Flexor Hallicus Longus* Flexor Digitorum Longus* Plantaris* *(weakly/assist)
47
Dorsiflexion Muscles
Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallicus Longus
48
Ankle Inversion Muscles
Tibialis Anterior/Posterior Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallicus Longus Extensor Hallicus Longus
49
Ankle Eversion Muscles
Fibularis Longus Fibularis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Fibularis Tertius* *(weakly/assist)
50
Functional unit of of nervous system
Neuron
51
Cluster of cell bodies in PNS are?
Ganglia
52
Schwann cells are?
myelinated cells in the PNS
53
Cluster of cell bodies in the CNS are?
Nucleus
54
Afferent is?
to the CNS
55
Efferent is?
away from the CNS
56
What's a group of neuron fibers in the PNS called?
Nerve
57
What are myelinated tracts called?
White matter
58
What are unmyelinated tracts called?
Grey Matter
59
Most common type of neuron?
multipolar motor neuron
60
Common of double process extending from body that splits into central process and peripheral process?
Pseudounipolar sensory neuron
61
Name the two STRUCTURAL divisions of the nervous system
CNS PNS
62
Parts of CNS
Brain Spinal Cord CN2
63
Parts of PNS
12 pairs of CN 31 Peripheral nerves
64
DIVISIONS of PNS
Autonomic Nervous System Somatic Nervous System
65
FUNCTIONAL divisions of ANS
sympathetic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system enteric nervous system
66
Fight/Flight/Freeze
sympathetic nervous system
67
rest, digest, repair, arousal
parasympathetic nervous system
68
sensory (afferent) is
input
69
motor (efferent) is
output
70
Teleceptors for vision and hearing
SSA
71
Exteroceptors for skin, deeper tissues, touch, temp, pain, pressure
GSA
72
Proprioceptors like spindle fibers and golgi tendon organs. Transmit message of movement
GSA
73
Interoceptors for smooth muscle contraction, secretory activity of glands
GVA
74
Chemoreceptors of nasal and tongue mucosa receptors
SVA
75
Full names for these receptors: SSA GSA SVA GVA
special somatic afferent general somatic afferent special visceral afferent general visceral afferent
76
General motor fibers
GSE
77
special motor fibers
SVE
78
visceral motor fibers
GVE
79
These fibers create the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of PNS
GVE
80
Full names for these receptors: GSE GVE SVE
general somatic efferent general visceral efferent special visceral efferent
81
1) number of cervical vertebrae 2) number of cervical spinal nerves
7 8
82
Dorsal root is what kind of nerve?
Sensory/Afferent
83
Ventral root is what kind of nerve?
Motor/Efferent
84
What's the cavity lining of abdominal cavity?
Peritoneum
85
The deep inguinal ring represents a gap in the
transversalis fascia
86
The superficial inguinal ring represents a gap in the
external oblique m.
87
This is where the cremaster muscle attaches in males
arcuate line
88
O/I of Rectus abdominis
O- xiphoid process I- pubic crest
89
"White Line"
Linea alba
90
"Pregnancy Line" or "Black Line"
Linea nigra
91
Big difference between L/R rectus abdominals
Diastasis Recti
92
Coverings of spermatic cord
Internal spermatic fascia cremaster muscle and fascia external spermatic fascia
93
most common type of hernia
indirect inguinal hernia
94
how does the peritoneal leave the sac in indirect inguinal hernia
deep inguinal ring
95
external oblique fibers run.....
down and in
96
internal oblique fibers run.....
up and in

Anatomy NWHSU (8 decks)

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