Lec 19_Heart Development Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lec 19_Heart Development Deck (9)
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1
Q

Single Heart Tube

A

This is formed when the Angioblastic cords come together to create Paired Heart Tubes. The Paired Heart Tubes then combine to form a Single Heart Tube.

There is no circulation through the lungs in a Single Heart Tube

2
Q

Primitive Embryonic Single Heart Tube

A

This structure is the single heart tube formed from the paired heart tubes. The single heart tube folds as a result of unequal cell proliferation and cranial-caudal folding. In the Primitive Embryonic Single Heart Tube, there is an aortic sac, truncus arteriosis, bulbis cordis, primitive ventricle, primitive atrium and sinus venosus.

3
Q

Heart folding

A

In the embryonic heart tube, folding occurs to create the 4 chambers. First, the endocardial cushions (between the primordial atrium and the primordial ventricle) fuse while leaving atrio-ventricular canals for blood to pass through. Two septum between the atria arise–septum primum and septum secundum. The septum primum has two holes going through it-the septum primum and the septum secundum.

4
Q

Foramen ovale

A

Allows blood to bypass the fetal lungs. Blood goes from right atrium–>left atrium–>left ventricle–>out of heart through aorta

5
Q

Formation of Great Vessels

A

These vessels form during embyologic development. Term Great Vessels refers to Aorta-left ventricle outflow tract and Pulmonary artery–right ventricle outflow tract.

Great vessels are formed from the conotruncal ridges (truncal and bulbar ridges) that meet the interventricular septum to create the vessels.

6
Q

Formation of valves

A

Semilunar valves (ventricular valves aka aortic and pulmonic) are created when the conotruncal ridges meets the interventricular septum.

Atrio-ventricular valves (mitral and tricuspid) formed from proliferating cells around endocardial cushions–the cardiac mesoderm cells that migrated to divide the primitive atrium and primitive ventricle

7
Q

Dorsal Aorta

A

Intitially a pair of tubes that fuse to form a single dorsal aorta. The dorsal aorta connects to the aortic arches which in turn connect to the primitive heart tube.

8
Q

Aortic Arches

A

Pharyngeal paired arches 3,4, and 6 combine to create the aortic arches. Pharyngeal arch 3 creates the internal carotids. Pharyngeal arch 6 creates the ductus arteriosus

9
Q

Cardiac Veins

A

There are 3 pairs of cardiac veins: 1. Umbilical which comes from the placenta. Right one disappears and Left becomes the ductus venosus

  1. Vitelline which drains the yolk sac
  2. Common cardial which drains the body of the embryo. RIght anterior cardinal vein and right common cardinal vein become the superior vena cava

All 3 pairs of veins dump into the sinus venosus