Lecture 07/08: ECG: Enlargement Patterns and Conduction Disturbances Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lecture 07/08: ECG: Enlargement Patterns and Conduction Disturbances Deck (18)
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0
Q

ventricular HR counts which wave?

A

R wave

1
Q

atrial HR counts which wave?

A

P wave

2
Q

Normal sinus arrhythmia during respiration is slow during _______ and fast during ________

A

inspiration; expiration

3
Q

In wandering pacemaker, tall P waves are caused by________ and short P waves are caused by _______

A

tall –> higher sympathetic tone

short –> higher vagal tone

4
Q

P mitrale

A

notched P wave. Indicative of LA enlargement

5
Q

Why does LA enlargement result in P mitrale?

A

LA takes longer to depolarize because its enlarged. Vector to lead II not as strong because pulls electrical activity to the left instead of straight down towards lead

6
Q

Which wave must always be present in alive animal?

A

T wave

7
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

High K+

8
Q

pericardial effusion

A

fluid in pericardial sac

9
Q

pulmonary thromboembolism

A

clot in pulmonary aa.. Can cause lung thickening

10
Q

Hypoproteinemia

A

low protein; fluid leaks outside blood vessels which can cause effusion

11
Q

Causes of low voltage complex (things that dampen electrical signal):

A

normal variation, obesity, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, hypothyroidism, pneumothorax, pulmonary thromboembolism, hypoproteinemia

12
Q

bundle branch block

A

delay or block of conduction in a bundle branch

13
Q

which bundle branch is more susceptible to injury?

A

RBB

14
Q

Why does RBBB cause deep S?

A

RV must depolarize by cell to cell conduction with vector pointed away from lead II

15
Q

Causes of 1st degree AV block

A

AV node disease, elevated vagal tone (most common), drugs, hyperkalemia, hypothermia

16
Q

escape rhythm

A

Areas in ventricles that will fire unless they are superceeded by a normal beat that comes down and depolarized the ventricles first. Right beneath the bundle of His. Take over to “rescue” the ventricles if AV blocked

17
Q

tx for 3rd AV Block

A

pacemaker

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