Lecture 1 Er Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
The primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum is to synthesize proteins and lipids.
True or False: The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in detoxifying harmful substances.
True
What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum?
The two types of endoplasmic reticulum are rough ER and smooth ER.
Fill in the blank: Rough ER is studded with _____ that are involved in protein synthesis.
ribosomes
What is the role of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis and metabolism, as well as detoxification.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus? A) Modifying proteins B) Packaging proteins C) Synthesizing DNA D) Shipping proteins
C) Synthesizing DNA
What structure is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion?
The Golgi apparatus.
True or False: The Golgi apparatus is composed of a series of flattened membrane-bound sacs.
True
What is the process by which the Golgi apparatus sends proteins to their destinations?
The Golgi apparatus uses vesicles to transport proteins to their destinations.
Fill in the blank: The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus are both part of the _____ system.
endomembrane
What is the difference between cis and trans faces of the Golgi apparatus?
The cis face is the receiving side, while the trans face is the shipping side.
Multiple choice: Which of the following functions is primarily associated with the rough ER? A) Lipid synthesis B) Protein synthesis C) Carbohydrate metabolism D) DNA replication
B) Protein synthesis
What is glycosylation, and where does it primarily occur?
Glycosylation is the addition of carbohydrate groups to proteins, and it primarily occurs in the Golgi apparatus.
True or False: The Golgi apparatus can also play a role in the formation of lysosomes.
True
What is the main difference in structure between rough and smooth ER?
Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface, while smooth ER does not.
Fill in the blank: Proteins synthesized in the rough ER are often destined for _____ or _____ outside the cell.
secretion; insertion
What is the significance of the endoplasmic reticulum in cellular quality control?
The endoplasmic reticulum assists in folding proteins correctly and identifying misfolded proteins for degradation.
Multiple choice: Which organelle is known as the ‘shipping center’ of the cell? A) Nucleus B) Lysosome C) Golgi apparatus D) Ribosome
C) Golgi apparatus
True or False: The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in calcium storage.
True
What is the function of transport vesicles?
Transport vesicles carry proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus and from the Golgi to other destinations.
What does the abbreviation ‘ER’ stand for?
Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Fill in the blank: The Golgi apparatus modifies proteins by adding _____ groups.
carbohydrate
What is the role of the cisterna in the Golgi apparatus?
Cisternae are the flattened membrane-bound sacs that make up the Golgi apparatus and are involved in the modification and sorting of proteins.
Multiple choice: Which type of ER is primarily involved in detoxification? A) Rough ER B) Smooth ER C) Golgi apparatus D) Ribosome
B) Smooth ER
