Lecture 13 9/11/23

Question 1

What is the main function of the cerebellum?

Answer 1

to coordinate movement in relation to speed and distance

Question 2

What is important about the relationship between the cerebellum and the initiation of movement?

Answer 2

the cerebellum does NOT initiate movement

Question 3

What are the three layers of the cerebellum gray matter?

Answer 3

-molecular
-perkinje
-granular

Question 4

Which fibers carry input to the granular layer of the cerebellum?

Answer 4

mossy fibers

Question 5

Which fibers carry input to the molecular layer of the cerebellum?

Answer 5

climbing fibers

Question 6

What is the role of perkinje cells?

Answer 6

to send signals from the cerebellum out to the rest of the body

Question 7

What are the characteristics of cerebellum signaling?

Answer 7

-often inhibitory
-uses GABA neurotransmitter

Question 8

What are the three regions of the cerebellum?

Answer 8

-spinocerebellum
-cerebrocerebellum
-vestibulocerebellum

Question 9

What is the role of the spinocerebellum?

Answer 9

proper execution of coordinated movement

Question 10

What is the role of the cerebrocerebellum?

Answer 10

planning coordinated, properly timed movement sequences

Question 11

What is the role of the vestibulocerebellum?

Answer 11

-inhibit vestibular system
-coordinate balance and eye movement

Question 12

What are the signs of cerebellar dysfunction?

Answer 12

-hypermetria
-intention tremor
-vestibular dysfunction

Question 13

What is hypermetria?

Answer 13

exaggerated motion due to a lack of cerebellar inhibition

Question 14

What are intention tremors?

Answer 14

tremors that occur when animal attempts to initiate meaningful movement

Question 15

Why is hypermetria not associated with weakness?

Answer 15

the UMN and LMN are still intact

Question 16

What is a tremor?

Answer 16

rhythmic oscillation of a body part caused by alternating contraction of antagonistic muscles

Question 17

What is cerebellar hypoplasia?

Answer 17

abnormally small cerebellum due to lack of development in utero

Question 18

What causes cerebellar hypoplasia?

Answer 18

in utero infection with canine parvovirus or feline panleukopenia virus that occurs during the cerebellar development period

Question 19

What other ailments can cause symptoms similar to cerebellar hypoplasia?

Answer 19

-trauma
-degenerative disease

Question 20

What causes intention tremors?

Answer 20

impaired ability to regulate range of movement

Question 21

What is a postural tremor?

Answer 21

tremor that occurs when an animal tries to maintain upright posture; does not improve with movement

Question 22

What is steroid-responsive tremor syndrome?

Answer 22

-postural tremor
-improves with steroids
-unsure of cause
-patient is weaned off of steroids and condition improves
-low chance of relapse