Lecture 2 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is the Act of Supremacy?
Action taken by King Henry VIII of England to remove his allegiance from the Pope and establish the Church of England.
Who was William Bradford?
Led a group of Separatists later called ‘Pilgrims’ and established the Plymouth Colony in 1620.
What document did William Bradford draft?
The Mayflower Compact, the first document of self-government in North America.
Who was John Winthrop?
Wealthy Puritan English landowner who led the establishment of Massachusetts Bay Colony.
What is ‘A Model of Christian Charity’?
A sermon delivered by John Winthrop that emphasized the Puritan community’s mission.
What does ‘City on a Hill’ refer to?
A metaphor for the Puritan community as a model of Christian charity and moral righteousness.
Define Puritanism.
A religious reform movement aiming to ‘purify’ the Church of England.
What was the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
A settlement established by Puritans in 1630, serving as a model for a Christian society.
Who was Anne Bradstreet?
One of the first published English-speaking poets of the New World and a passenger on the Arbella.
What initiated the Protestant Reformation?
Martin Luther’s presentation of the 95 Theses in 1517.
What is Calvinism?
The Protestant doctrine of John Calvin, emphasizing divine predestination and individual responsibility.
What is the Massachusetts General Court?
The governing body of the Massachusetts Bay Colony with legislative and judicial power.
Who are ‘Visible Saints’?
Members of the church sanctioned by the community who meet specific criteria.
Who was Roger Williams?
A Puritan minister who established Providence and later founded the colony of Rhode Island.
What does ‘declension’ refer to in Puritan context?
The gradual falling away of the second and third generations of Puritans from their faith.
What is the Halfway Covenant?
A doctrine enacted by Puritans in 1662 allowing descendants of full church members to become ‘halfway’ members.
What sparked King Philip’s War?
Tensions over property issues between Indians and English settlers.
Define Captivity Narrative.
A literary form emerging from conflicts between colonists and Indians, characterized by dramatic action and spiritual inspiration.
Who was Mary Rowlandson?
A Puritan minister’s wife captured by Narragansett Indians during King Philip’s War, author of the first American captivity narrative.
Fill in the blank: The Act of Supremacy established the _______.
Church of England
True or False: The Massachusetts General Court was a democratic institution.
False
What was the main purpose of John Winthrop’s sermon aboard the Arbella?
To outline the Puritan community’s mission and responsibilities.
List three tenets of Puritanism.
- Division of humanity into the elect and the damned
- Predestination
- Good works, piety, and industriousness as signs of the elect
What was the outcome of King Philip’s War?
Victory for the colonists and capture and enslavement of thousands of Indians.
