LECTURE 33

Question 1

What is the primary focus of work and occupational physiology?

Answer 1

To ensure workers are physically capable of achieving their daily tasks without undue fatigue or risk of injury

Question 2

What are predictive tests?

Answer 2

General tests comparing people against average values

Question 3

What are simulative tests?

Answer 3

Tests which replicate the task

Question 4

What happens to sustainable work time as VO2 increases?

Answer 4

Decreases

Question 5

When does HR overestimate VO2?

Answer 5

When there is: high thermal burden, static work, work by small muscle groups, stress, smoking, or prolonged work at high intensity

Question 6

What kind of work does uphill increase?

Answer 6

Mechanical

Question 7

What type of work does downhill increase?

Answer 7

Eccentric

Question 8

What does hill terrain cause?

Answer 8

Decreased speed and increased work rate

Question 9

What percentage of work related injury does manual handling account for?

Answer 9

35%, 27% overexertion, 8$ repetitive movements

Question 10

When is there most stress through lifting?

Answer 10

When the load is furthest from the body and closest to the ground

Question 11

Does training alter the stresses on the body?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

What are the heat related illnesses?

Answer 12

Dehydration, heat cramps, heat exhaustion and heat stroke

Question 13

What does heat acclimatisation cause?

Answer 13

Increase sweat rate, increased blood volume and SV, decreased HR and core temp, increased exercise capacity

Question 14

What is hypothermia?

Answer 14

Decrease in body temp to

Question 15

What is non-freeze?

Answer 15

Prolonged restriction of nutrients causing necrosis

Question 16

What is frostbite?

Answer 16

Tissue temp

Question 17

How is core temp maintained?

Answer 17

Decrease peripheral blood flow, increase metabolic rate

Question 18

What happens in cold induced vasodilation?

Answer 18

Increase peripheral blood flow, decrease risk of frostbite

Question 19

What happens to performance in the cold?

Answer 19

Reflexes and movements are slower and less precise, reduced tone (3-8% per degree of muscle temp), decreased dexterity, 3% increase in VO2 per 1kg of additional clothing

Question 20

What happens in cold acclimatisation?

Answer 20

Blunted shivering and vasoconstriction, increase loss of core and body temp, improved dexterity and maintained performance, doesn’t decrease frostbite or hypothermia risks

Question 21

What climate results in the lowest sustainable work time?

Answer 21

Hot dry/wet

Question 22

What are the greatest factors for having a heat related illness?

Answer 22

High body fat (x7)

Inexperience (x2)

Question 23

What does increased weight mean for VO2 and blood supply?

Answer 23

If weight is greater, VO2 max is greater (greater oxygen carrying capacity) so less blood is needed to supply the desired level of oxygen because lots of oxygen is carried in the blood. People with lower weights have a lower VO2 max and so need to supply more blood to reach the desired level of oxygen supply as less oxygen is carried in their blood

Question 24

What is the maximum carrying weight?

Answer 24

23kg