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Agriculture 111 > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Green plants have cells that are enclosed in a tough ?

A

cell wall

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2
Q

Green plants have organelles called

A

chloroplasts

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3
Q

Cells are mostly made up of?

A

Water

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4
Q

What helps strengthen the cell wall?

A

lignin

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5
Q

Cytoplasms contains organic and inorganic substances, such as:

A

Salts, organelles, and carbohydrates.

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6
Q

What does a vacuole serve as?

A

collect/ storage area.

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7
Q

Where does photosynthesis take place?

A

Chloroplasts

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8
Q

DNA is shaped like a twisted ladder called a?

A

double-helix

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9
Q

There are 4 different bases in DNA

A

A, T, C, and G

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10
Q

How closely are humans related to bananas?

A

50%

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11
Q

What is plant breeding?

A

changing the genetics of the plant to benefit us.

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12
Q

What did plant breeding start off with?

A

Domestication

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13
Q

what did plant breeding increase?

A

yield and better quality

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14
Q

2 different types of plant breeding

A

Classic and Molecular

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15
Q

What is classic plant breeding?

A

Transferring pollen, new genes, and studying the genes.

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16
Q

what is the result from classic plant breeding?

A

genetic combinations

17
Q

Whats is molecular breeding?

A

The application of molecular biology tools in plant breeding.

18
Q

Examples of molecular breeding

A

Marker assisted selection and Genetic engineering

19
Q

What can molecular markers do?

A

map the genes of a plant.

20
Q

What does a genetic Engineer do?

A

manipulates genes and produces living organisms tailored for a specific purpose.

21
Q

Genetic Engineers can move DNA from

A

Most any species to any other species.

22
Q

What does the term transgenic also refer too?

A

Transgenic

23
Q

How is GE done?

A

Genes are introduced into a genome by means other than by the usual sexual means.

24
Q

Molecular pharming refers to the use of?

A

genetic engineering to insert genes that code for useful pharmaceuticals into host animals or plants the would not otherwise not express those genes.

25
Q

Bio-fortification

A

idea of breeding crops to increase their nutritional value.

Agriculture 111 (20 decks)

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