Flashcards in Lecture 5 Arterial Blood Glass (missed this lecture) Deck (15):
1
Normal values according to FA (arterial blood):
pH =
PO2=
PCO2:
HCO3
SaO2
7.35-7.45;
75-105;
33-44 mm Hg (CO2 = 40)
22-28 mm Hg (HCO3 = 25)
94-98%
2
What does A-a gradient stand for? What is it normally (According to FA)
Alveolar PO2 - arterial PO2; 10-15 mm Hg
3
What does FIO2 stand for
fraction of inspired oxygen
4
Acute respiratory acidosis:
pH less than ____ and P CO2 more than ____. any kidney changes immediately?
7.35; 40;
no
5
chronic respiratory acidosis: the kidney compensates by increasing ____ absorption and increasing ___ excretion. thus, blood concentration of ____ increases
HCO3, H+;
HCO3
(never reaches normal)
6
Acute respiratory alkalosis:
pH greater than ____ and PCO2 less than _____. any kidney changes immediately?
7.45, 40;
no
7
Chronic respiratory alkalosis:
decreased _____ absorption and decreased ____ excretion; thus, blood concentration of ____ decreases
HCO3, H+;
HCO3
8
Metabolic acidosis:
pH is less than _____. HCO3- concentration is (increased or decreased compared to 25)?; is there an immediate resp response?
7.35; decreased; yes, hyperventilation (kussamul)
9
chronic metabolic acidosis:
the body increases synthesis of ____. this allows an increased excretion of ___ as _____ acid
NH3; NH4+ titratable
(from BRS)
10
metabolic alkalosis:
pH is greater than ____. HCO3- is (greater or less than 25)?; any resp response?
7.45; greater than;
yes, hypoventilation
11
Equation for anion gap:
normal anion gap is ____
Na+ - (Cl + HCO3);
8-12 mEq/L
12
what metabolic disorder can high altitude cause (hypoxemia)? what about pulmonary embolism?
respiratory alkalosis;
respiratory alkalosis
13
Airway obstruction and acute lung disease can cause what metabolic disorder?
respiratory acidosis
14
From FA:
predicted respiratory compensation for a single metabolic acidosis can be calculated using ____ formula. If the measured PCO2 differs significantly from the predicted, then a _____ disorder is likely present
winter's;
mixed acid-base
15