Lecture 5 - Male Pelvis and Perineum Flashcards
What are the differences between female and male pelves?
What is the orientation of the pelvic girdle of the male and female?
ASIS and pubic tubercles are in the same plane, with greater and lesser pelves being continuous
Where does the pelvic peritoneum extend to?
Continues into pelvic cavity but doesn’t reach the pelvic floor, not completely covering pelvic viscera (apart from uterine tubes)
What is the structure of the pelvic peritoneum?
Several folds and pouches are formed
What is present in the space between the pelvic wall and peritoneum not occupied by viscera?
Pelvic fascia which when condensed form ligaments supporting viscera like the cervix, vagina and prostate
What are the contents of the male pelvic cavity?
Ureter, bladder, urethra, prostate, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, bulbourethral glands, rectum, vessels, nerves, lymphatics; in greater pelvis: caecum, appendix, parts of sigmoid colon and ileum
What is the organisation of the male pelvic organs?
What structures in the male pelvis can be felt on a digital rectal examination (DRE) of a healthy man?
Prostate
Which of the two (1 or 2) bends of the male urethra can be straightened before passing a catheter?
2
Where is the prostate gland and ductus deferens located?
PG surrounds 1st part of urethra, ductus deferens from testis passes through inguinal canal then over and behind ureter to enter urethra through the prostate
Where are the seminal vesicles located?
On back of bladder which open into ductus deferens between ampulla and ejaculatory duct
What does the male bladder and prostate look like?
Where does the male bladder ‘sit’?
On the prostate which is transfixed by the 1st part of urethra
From what ducts does the semen form from?
Ductus deferens, seminal vesicles and prostate empty into prostatic urethra to form the semen
How does the prostate drain into the urethra?
What is the internal urethral sphincter?
Smooth muscle well organised in males -> closes during ejaculation by sympathetic stimulus
When navigating a catheter where can complications occur?
Tip of catheter may become lodged in prostatic utricle
Where does the male pelvis receive arterial supply from?
Where does the testis receive arterial supply from?
From testicular artery arising from abdominal aorta
What is the shape of the perineum?
Diamond shape area between pubic symphisis, ischial tuberosities and coccyx, divided into urogenital and anal triangles
What is present in the anal triangle?
Ischio-anal fossae (fat-filled spaces separating anal canal and levator ani from pelvis walls)
What is present in the urogenital triangle?
Divided into superficial and deep parts by the perineal membrane
What are the superficial perineal structures of males?
What is the erectile tissue in perineum surrounded by?
Skeletal muscles
How is the rectum perfused by vessels?
One pair of arteries from IMA and 2 pairs from internal iliac artery and venous drainage is similar, so there is an important portal systemic venous anastomosis around the lower recutm and anal canal
What is the structure of the male reproductive tract?
What is the structure of the testis and its associated structures?
What is the structure of the penis?
What is the structure of the erectile tissue in the male?
What are the arteries that supply the cavernous spaces in the penis?
Helicine arteries - parasympathetic stimulation causes relaxation allowing blood flow
What are the nerves of the pelvis and perineum?
Where do somatic nerves leave the pelvis from?
Lumbosacral plexus
Where is the pudendal nerve located?
