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NEURO MIDTERM1 > LECTURE 7: peripheral nerves > Flashcards

LECTURE 7: peripheral nerves Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

are all neural structures in the PNS protected by bone

A

no

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2
Q

which CNs would be considered part of the CNS

A

1 & 2 bc they don’t not exit the skull

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3
Q

are anterior and posterior ramus part of the PNS

A

yes

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4
Q

in the PNS what is the gray matter

A

ganglia : collections of neuron cell bodies in the pNS

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5
Q

what is the white matter in the PNS

A

bundles of axons in the PNS

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6
Q

what are the type of neurons in the PNS

A

afferent
efferent
interneurons

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7
Q

where are the cell bodies from the afferent neurons

A

dorsal root ganglion outside of sc

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8
Q

where are the afferent neurons going to

A

skin to the spinal cord

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9
Q

where are the cell bodies for efferent neurons

A

ventral horn

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10
Q

where is the efferent neurons traveling to

A

ventral horn to outside of the body

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11
Q

what are clusters of peripheral neuronal cell bodies

A

ganglia

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12
Q

what are large cable-like tissue grouped by numerous
fascicles

A

nerve trunk

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13
Q

what are groups of axons bound into bundles

A

nerve fascicle

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14
Q

what is the Perineurium

A

wrapping around fascicle

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15
Q

what transports chemicals between axon and cell body and provides information for genetic machinery to regulate cell’s basic function

A

axoplasm

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16
Q

Axoplasm thickens and becomes more resistant to flow when

A

stationary

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17
Q

what is the general function of type 1a fibers

A

muscle spindle primary ending

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18
Q

what is the general function for 1b fiber type

A

golgi tendon organs

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19
Q

what is the general function for typer II fiber

A

touch , kinesthesia , muscle spindle secondary ending

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20
Q

what is general function of type III fiber of peripheral axons

A

pain , crude touch , pressure , temperature

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21
Q

what is the general function of type IV fiber of peripheral axon

A

pain , touch , pressure , temp

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22
Q

is the sensory division of the PNS afferent or efferent

A

afferent

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23
Q

what are the 2 sensory division within the sensory division of the PNS

A

somatic and visceral

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24
Q

what type of motor is somatic motor

A

voluntary

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25
what type of motor is visceral motor
involuntary motor
26
visceral motor in the pns is like what other system
automonic nervous system : parasympathetic and sympathetic
27
the somatic motor division of the PNS innervates what
all skeletal muscle
28
the somatic sensory system of the PNS is speaical for what
hearing , equilibrium and vision
29
what visceral sensory system in the PNS is special for what
taste and smell
30
how many pairs of spinal nerves attach thru ventral and dorsal n roots
31
31
C1-C7 spinal nerves emerge where
above respective vertebrae
32
C8 spinal nerve rest and emerge …
below respective vertebrae
33
if there is an impingement between C6 - C7 disc what would be effected
C7 SN
34
what typee of information does the ventral roots carry
motor
35
what type of information foes the dorsal root carry
sensory
36
where are the cell bodies for afferent nerve
dorsal root
37
where are the cell bodies for the efferent nerve
ventral root
38
where do the dorsal and ventral roots join together what what do they form
form the spinal nerve in the intervertebral foramen
39
what ramus inn postiero vertebra and over lying skin
dorsal
40
what ramus inn anterior and lateral body and limb of skeleton , mm and skin
anterior
41
what is the cervical plexus
C1 - C4
42
what is the brachial plexus
C5 -T1
43
what is the lumbar plexus
L1 - L 4
44
can damage to 1 spinal segment or root completely paralyze any limb muscle
no
45
what does the cervical plexus carry
efferent nn to many mm of neck afferent nn from skin of skin , shoulder and scalp near ear
46
what is the sole motor supply of diaphragm
phrenic nerves C3 C4 C5
47
where does the brachial plexus carry efferent and afferent nerves
efferent : mm of shldr, arm, forearm, hand afferent: same skin of same areas
48
what are the main nerves of the brachial plexus
musculocutaneous median ulnar axillary radial
49
where does the lumbar plexus carry efferent nerves to
mm of anterior pelvis , anterior and medial thigh
50
where does the lumbar plexus carry afferent nerves to
from skin of anterior pelvis , anterior and medial thigh and medial lower leg
51
where does the sacral plexus originate from
ventral rami of L5 - S5
52
where does the sacral plexus carry efferent nn to
mm of posterior pelvis, post thigh, ant and post lower leg and foot
53
where does the lumbar plexus carry afferent nn from
skin fo posteior pelvis , post thigh , ant and post lower leg and foot
54
what is a mononeuropathy and examples
single n involvement bell’s palsy , carpal tunnel
55
what is polyneuropathy and examples
distal , symmetric distribution diabetics
56
what is multifocal random, asymmetric involvement of individual nn
multiple mononeuropathy
57
what is repeated mechanical pressures impair blood flow and cause changes to connective tissue of n
traumatic myelinopathy (mononeuropathies)
58
what is an example of traumatic myelinopathy
carpal tunnel
59
in traumatic myelinopathy myelin becomes damaged and with sensitization of nociceptors the n becomes excessively sensitive to ____ or _____ stimul
mechanical or chemical
60
what is it If Schwann cells and connective tissues intact, can regrow at rate of 1 mm/day
traumatic axonopathy
61
traumatic axonopathy occurs after
crush injury or closed fx
62
what is the prognosis for severance
poor
63
what syndrome is an nflammatory demyelinating syndrome that typically occurs after viral infection causing more motor than sensory problems, distal to proximal progression
Guillain-Barré Syndrome which is acute inflammatory demyelinating polyraciculoneurppathy
64
polyneuropathy is a symmetric involvement of what
sensory, motor, and autonomic fibers
65
polyneuropathy progress from
distal to proximal
66
what are the first symptoms of polyneuropathy
sensory loss/ dysfunction
67
small fiber symptoms of polyneuropathy include
pain, temperature, numbness, dysthesias
68
large fiber symptoms of polyneuropathy is
sensory ataxia, proprioception and vibration sense
69
polyneuropathy will present with signs and symptoms of
Lower motor neuron disease (decrease DTR., atrophy , weakness)
70
if you have a PNS dysfunction what is the muscle tone
hypotonia ( opposite for CNS)
71
if you have a PNS dysfunction how does your muscle atrophy
fast
72
in a dysfunction of the PNS DTRs are
decreased or absent

NEURO MIDTERM1 (10 decks)

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