Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Mental Health and Wellness > Lecture 7: Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Lecture 7: Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

personality disorder definition

A

an enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviated markedly from the norms and expectations of the individuals culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

personality disorders prevalence

A

data is lacking for Canadian stats
- 0.5% to 2.5% of the general population (US)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

origins of personality disorders

A
  • thought to begin in childhood
  • tend to run a chronic course if untreated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the big five of personality

A
  1. extraversion
  2. agreeableness
  3. conscientiousness
  4. emotional stability (neurosity)
  5. openness to experience
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

three clusters of personality disorders

A
  1. Cluster A: odd or eccentric
  2. Cluster B: dramatic or emotional/erratic
  3. Cluster C: anxious or fearful
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cluster A includes:

A

paranoid personality disorder
schizoid personality disorder
schizotypal personality disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorder Characteristics

A
  • mistrustful and suspicious of others without justification
  • mistrust extends to people close to them
  • meaningful relationships are difficult
  • argumentative, complain, or be quiet
  • appear tense
  • cognitive structure: people are malevolent and deceptive, they’ll attack you if they get the chance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Schizoid Personality Disorder Characteristics

A
  • highly introverted
  • loner
  • does everything on their own
  • detachments from social relationships
  • limited range of emotions in interpersonal situations
    -aloof, cold, indifferent
  • do not desire closeness with others
  • social deficiencies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Schizotypal Personality Disorder Characteristics

A
  • considered odd or bizarre because of how they relate to people, think and behave, and dress
  • ideas of reference (they think events relate directly to them)
  • odd beliefs or magical thinking
  • suspicious and have paranoid thoughts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Difference between Schizoid and Schizotypal Disorder

A

Both do not have many personal relationships.
Schizoid ppl may have more justifiable reasons for this. Schizotypal ppl have odd thinking that distinguishes them from others.
E.g. Mr. S doesn’t have friends because he’d rather play chess. Mr. Z doesn’t have friends because he’s a vegetarian and is afraid of food contamination. - odd thinking and reasoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cluster B includes

A
  • antisocial personality disorder
  • borderline personality disorder
  • histrionic personality disorder
  • narcissistic personality disorder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder Characteristics

A
  • don’t care about the rules of society
  • histories of violating rights of others
  • failure to conform to social norms
  • lying, cheating
  • impulsivity and failure to plan ahead
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Psychopathy?

A

antisocial personality disorder plus a bunch of personality traits
- based on personality AND behaviour
- lack of empathy, callousness, parasitic lifestyle, high-risk behaviours, lying, cheating)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a subclinical psychopath?

A
  • can be any “normal person” who has never been caught doing anything illegal
  • they have a behaviour where they leave a path of destruction behind them
  • lie, cheat, etc. to get whatever they want
  • subclinical = never been diagnosed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the Under-arousal Hypothesis?

A

some individuals don’t actually emote much; they are under aroused
- some may have to do some very extreme behaviours to become aroused (e.g. kill someone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder Characteristics

A
  • one of the most common personality disorders
  • very turbulent relationships - fear of abandonment but lacking control over emotions
  • person may claim they feel dysregulated
  • often engage in self-mutilation/suicidal behaviours
  • intense, move from anger to depression quickly
  • identity disturbance, unstable self-image of sense of self
  • impulsivity
  • empty feelings, chronically bored, trouble with their identity
  • linked to mood disorders
  • easily break up with people or end friendships
17
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder Characteristics

A
  • inclined to express their emotions in exaggerated fashion
  • dramatization of emotions
  • vain, self-centered, uncomfortable when not in limelight
  • seductive in appearance and behaviour
  • concerned about looks
  • reassurance and approval constantly
  • angry when not praised
  • impulsive, unable to delay gratification
  • speech often vague and lacking detail
  • overdiagnosed in women
18
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder Characteristics

A
  • unreasonable sense of self-importance
  • so pre-occupied with themselves, they lack compassion and sensitivity for others
  • uncomfortable unless being admired
  • grandiosity
  • require and expect a great deal of attention
  • use or exploit others for their own interests and show little empathy
  • can be extremely envious and arrogant when confronted with other successful people
  • lack empathy
  • frequently depressed because they fail to live up to their expectations
19
Q

Cluster C includes

A
  • avoidant personality disorder
  • dependent personality disorder
  • obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
20
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder Characteristics

A
  • extremely sensitive to the opinions of others
  • avoid most relationships
  • low self-esteem, fear of rejection
  • limited in friendships and very dependent on those they are comfortable with
  • not like the schizoid who is asocial because prefers to be alone
  • feel chronically rejected by others and pessimistic about their future
21
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder Characteristics

A
  • difficulty making everyday decisions without the need of reassurance from others
  • sometimes agree with others when own opinion differs so as not to be rejected
  • deeply desire to obtain and maintain supportive and nurturing relationships
  • submissiveness, timidity, and passivity
  • similar to avoidant in some ways but tend to cling to relationships
22
Q

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Characteristics

A
  • preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization to the extent that the major point of the activity is lost
  • perfectionism interferes with task completion
  • excessively devoted to work and productivity to exclusion of leisure and friendship
  • overconscientious, scrupulous, and inflexible about matters of morality, ethics, or values
  • unable to discard worn-out/worthless objects even if no sentimental value
  • reluctant to delegate tasks or work with others
  • rigidity and stubbornness

Mental Health and Wellness (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions