lecture 9 Flashcards
describe ex situ
• Ex situ= off site
○ Used when low pop + situations that are very dire
○ Don’t have to worry about natural issues
describe in situ
• In situ= in place ( more preferred)
○ Cost effective, don’t have to worry about zoos, etc
why ex situ? 6 points
- Research
- Education
- Reinforce natural pops
- Pop insurance
- Restoration
why not ex situ
- Can only do one sp. At a time
* Loss of genetic variation
links btwn in and ex situ?
ex situ conservation raise funds that go to in situ
trade btwn establishing breeding programs and viable wild pops
developing, using, and selling noew products - funds go back to both
3 ways Bringing back extinct sp.?
back breeding, cloning, genomic reconstruction
describe back breeding
○ Artificial selection- attempt to assemble genes of an extinct species/subspecies = try to recreate
○ Ppl are skeptical of its efficacy
○ Ex. Quagga- sub sp of zebra
describe cloning
○ Works if sp are closely related
○ Ex. Ibex (goat), cloned via frozen skin samples - use other subsp. As surrogate
describe genomic reconstruction
○ e.g. passenger pigeon, was highly populated
§ Eaten for cheap protein + hunted for sport
§ Last one died in captivity in 1914
§ Pop. Wasn’t expected to deplete bc of high pop numbers
○ Make a genomic “frankenstein”; take genomic info from a sp. And put it back together
○ Have to consider how it would affect other sp once its put into a habitat
Other ex situ conservation strategies?
• Botanical gardens
• Aquariums
○ Many marine organisms can survive
• What is a protected area?
• A clearly defined geographic space, recognized, dedt6icated, and
managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve
the long-term conservation of nature with associated
ecosystem services and cultural values
• Global trends in protected areas?
terrestrial protected areas doubled, marine increased by tenfold
•
• Marine areas surround/protect land areas as seen in fig. 8.2
IUCN types of protected areas?
• Nature reserves - category IA • Wilderness areas - IB • National parks - II • Natural monuments - III • Habitat/sp. Management areas - IV • Protected landscapes and seascapes - V Managed-resource protected areas - VI
Disadvantages + advantages of human presence in protected areas
- Pros: lots of ppl love nature + areas are more cared for
* Cons: hard to maintain areas that not many ppl go to
AB - describe wilderness areas
• Preserve + protect natural heritage while providing opportunities for non consumptive, nature based outdoor recreation
limited opportunity for recreation such as hiking
AB •
• Ecological reserves
• Ecological reserves preserve and protect natural heritage in an
undisturbed state for scientific research and education.
• Ecological reserves contain representative, rare and fragile landscapes,
plants, animals and geological features.
- primary intent is strict
reservation Of natural ecosystems, habitats and features and associated
Biodiversity.
AB Wildland provincial parks
are a type of provincial park specifically
established to preserve and protect natural heritage and provide
opportunities for backcountry recreation.
• large, undeveloped natural landscapes that
retain their primeval character.
• Some wildland parks provide significant opportunities for eco-tourism and
adventure activlties s
AB Heritage rangeland
• Heritage rangelands preserve and protect natural features that are representative of Alberta’s
prairies. Grazing is used to maintain the grassland ecology.
•
AB prov. parks
rovincial parks play a key role in preserving Alberta’s natural heritage. They
• support outdoor recreation, heritage tourism and natural heritage appreciation activities that depend on and are compatible with the natural environment
•
AB prov. rec. areas
• Provincial recreation areas support outdoor recreation and tourism. They
often provide access to lakes, rivers, reservoirs and adjacent Crown land.
- support a range of outdoor activities in natural,
modified and man-made settings.
• They are managed with outdoor recreation as the primary objective.
AB NATURAL areas
• Natural areas preserve and protect sites of local significance while
providing opportunities for low-impact recreation and nature
appreciation activities.
• Natural areas include natural and near-natural landscapes of
regional and local importance for nature-based recreation and
heritage appreciation.
• Natural areas are typically quite small, although some are quite
large.
Wilmore wilderness park
• In addition to the seven classifications within the Alberta parks
system, Wilmore Wilderness Park is a unique area.
• Willmore Wilderness Park is similar in intent to wildland provincial parks
•the second largest park in the
Alberta parks system.
• Wilmore represents some Of the best habitat for a number Of wildlife
species. It is estimated that 20% of Alberta’s mountain goats and bighorn
s eep are found in Willmore. Other species include grizzly bear, mountain
caribou, cougars and wolves.
• Multi-use protected areas?
- Protected landscapes and seascapes — Category V
- Managed-resource protected areas — Category VI
- Categories V and VI are multi-use protected areas
ex of multiuse protected areas
yellow stone to yukon conservation initiative
○ Protect grizzly bear migration
○ Protect corridor movement (where animals naturally migrate)
○ Areas near this are mostly privately owned, had to make agreements w owners to protect it
