Lecture Exam 2 pt. 2

Question 1

Components of the lymhatic system

Answer 1

lymph
lymphatic capillaries
lymphatic vessels
lymph nodes
lymphatic trunk and ducts
tonsils
thymus
spleen
peyers patches

Question 2

Where is the lymph found

Answer 2

in the lymphatic vessels because it is a fluid

Question 3

where are lymphatic capillaries found

Answer 3

most tissues
-not in CNS, bone marrow, or avascular tissues

Question 4

where are lymphatic vessels found

Answer 4

throughout the body
-carry lymph

Question 5

where are lymph nodes found

Answer 5

clusters in neck, armpits, groin, and abdomen

Question 6

where are lymphatic trunks and ducts found

Answer 6

major vessels draining lymph into circulation

Question 7

where are the tonsil found

Answer 7

in the pharynx

Question 8

where is the thymus found

Answer 8

behind the sternum

Question 9

where is the spleen found

Answer 9

upper left abdomen

Question 10

where are the Peyer’s patches found

Answer 10

small intestine

Question 11

What are the three functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 11

1. fluid balance
   -returns excess interstatial fluid to the blood
2. fat absorption
   -lacteals in intestines absorb dietary fat
3. immunity
   -houses lymphocytes for immune response

Question 12

Pathway of lymph flow

Answer 12

Lymphatic capillaries —–> lymphatic vessels —–> lymph nodes—–> lymphatic trunks —-> lymphatic ducts —–> subclavian vein

Question 13

Lymphatic capilaries compared to blood capillaries

Answer 13

larger lumen
larger overall
more permeable
absorb excess fluid and proteins

Question 14

Blood capillaries compared to lymphatic capillaries

Answer 14

smaller lumen
smaller overall
tightly connected
transport nutrients

Question 15

Similarities between lymphatic vessels, arteries, and veins

Answer 15

thin walls and valves

Question 16

differences between lymphatic vessels, arteries, and veins

Answer 16

transport lymph not blood
lower pressure

Question 17

lymph nodes compared to other lymph organs

Answer 17

lymph nodes:
filter lymph
other lymph organs:
have immune functions
do not filter lymph

Question 18

Locations of lymph node clusters

Answer 18

cervical, axillary, inguinal, abdominal, thoracic

Question 19

Right lymphatic duct drains _______

Answer 19

right upper body

Question 20

thoracic duct drains______

Answer 20

left upper body and whole lower body

Question 21

Thoracic duct is ________

Answer 21

main lymphatic vessel

Question 22

what vein does the thoracic duct drain into

Answer 22

left subclavian vein

Question 23

What is the Cisterna Chyli

Answer 23

dilated dac in the lower abdomen

Question 24

What does the Cisterna Chyli collect lymph from

Answer 24

lower body

Question 25

characteristics of a node

Answer 25

encapsulated filters lymph

Question 26

characteristics of a nodule

Answer 26

unencapsulated located in mucosal linings -peyers patches

Question 27

What are Peyer's Patches

Answer 27

lymphoid tissue in small intestine

Question 28

what does the peyers patch protect against

Answer 28

pathogens

Question 29

What are lacteals

Answer 29

lymphatic capillaries in intestines

Question 30

what do lacteals do

Answer 30

absorb dietary fat

Question 31

what are the three sets of tonsils

Answer 31

1. palatine tonsils -on sides of the oropharynx 2. pharyngral tonsils (adenoids) -in the nasopharynx 3. lingual tonsils - at the base of the tongue

Question 32

What is tonsillitis

Answer 32

inflammation of the tonsils

Question 33

what is adenectomy

Answer 33

surgical removal of a gland

Question 34

what is adenoidectomy

Answer 34

surgical removal of the adenoid (pharyngeal tonsils)

Question 35

anatomy of tonsil

Answer 35

crypts that trap bacteria lymphoid follicles

Question 36

anatomy of a lymph node

Answer 36

cortex -lymphocytes -follicless medulla afferent and efferent vessels

Question 37

anatomy of the thymus

Answer 37

lobulated t-cell maturation

Question 38

anatomy of the spleen

Answer 38

red pulp -RBC breakdown white pulp -immune response

Question 39

function of a lymph node

Answer 39

filters lymph immune activation

Question 40

Tonsil crypts

Answer 40

deep invaginations trapping pathogens

Question 41

Functions of the spleen

Answer 41

filters blood recycles old RBCs stores platelets produces immune responses

Question 42

thymus location

Answer 42

above the heart

Question 43

structure of thymus

Answer 43

thymic corpuscle -clusters of epithelial tissues thymic hormone -thymosin: aids T-cell development

Question 44

When is the thymus most important

Answer 44

childhood -helps develop the immune system

Question 45

Innate immunity

Answer 45

non specific present from birth general defenses -skin and fever

Question 46

adaptive immunity

Answer 46

specific develops over time targeted responses -antibodies

Question 47

first line of defense

Answer 47

skin and mucous membrane -innate immunity

Question 48

second line of defense

Answer 48

inflammation phagocytes fever

Question 49

third line of defense

Answer 49

adaptive immunity t and b cells lymphocytes antibodies

Question 50

innate vs. adaptive immunity

Answer 50

based on whether it is present at birth or developed over time

Question 51

active vs. passive immunity