lecture quiz 2

Question 1

strains of mice commonly used in research and characteristics

Answer 1

white swiss - albino
C57 - very aggressive, black and brown
hairless - with eyelashes
nude - no t-cells, no whiskers
SCID - no t- or b-cells

Question 2

strains of rats commonly used in research and characteristics

Answer 2

sprague-dawley - white albino, outbred
Lewis - white albino, inbred
long-evens (hooded) - black and white, aggressive

Question 3

ringtail

Answer 3

from improper humidity; annular constrictions on the tail leading to necrosis and sloughing

Question 4

barbering

Answer 4

chew hair of head of cage mates

Question 5

chromodacryorrhea

Answer 5

• red tears
• symptom not disease
• harderian gland secretes pigments
• causes: stress, respiratory diseases, or SDAV

Question 6

mammary tumors

Answer 6

common; bengin

Question 7

lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

Answer 7

• mice
• cause: virus
• zoonotic
• symptoms: acute death, hunched, rough coat, emaciated

Question 8

salmonellosis

Answer 8

• mouse typhoid
• cause: bacteria
• symptoms: diarrhea
• treatment: eliminate infected animals

Question 9

tyzzer’s disease

Answer 9

• cause: fecal-oral transmission of spores
• symptoms: rough coat, watery yellow diarrhea, death, liver lesions
• treatment: antibiotics to treat but doesn’t usually work - euthanize

Question 10

respiratory diseases

Answer 10

• cause: mycoplasma. sendai virus, PVM
• symptoms: weight loss, chattering, head-tilt, unthrifty appearance
• treatment: antibiotics, let disease run its course, or depopulate

Question 11

dermatomycosis

Answer 11

• ringworm
• causes: microsporum and trichophyton

Question 12

sialodacryoadenitis

Answer 12

• cause: virus through direct contact
• symptoms: eye squinting, swelling on neck and jaw, protrusion of eye, keratitis, red tears, salivary and lacrimal glad inflammation
• treatment: ointment for keratitis but no treatment

Question 13

what antibiotics can be used on rodents and why they are used

Answer 13

many disrupt normal GI function- don’t use narrow spectrum antibiotics

Question 14

how to tell if a mouse has been bred

Answer 14

vaginal plug

Question 15

polyestrous vs seasonally polyestrous

Answer 15

multiple cycles a year; multiple cycles per breeding season

Question 16

decimal system for recording gender

Answer 16

M.F.U (males, females, unknown)

Question 17

mouse reproduction

Answer 17

breeding: 60 days
estrus: 5 days
gestation: 19 days
weaning: 21 days
altricious

Question 18

rat reproduction

Answer 18

breeding: 100 days
estrus: 5 days
gestation: 21 days
weaning: 21 days
altricious

Question 19

lee-boot effect

Answer 19

females are housed in groups synchronize estrus cycles; absence of male pheromones lead to anestrus

Question 20

whitten effect

Answer 20

female can be induced into estrus by exposure to male mouse urine

Question 21

bruce effect

Answer 21

pregnant females exposed to a strange male during the first four days of gestation will block the first pregnancy, reovulate

Question 22

colony

Answer 22

all animal population maintained under some degree of control for the purpose of reproduction

Question 23

closed colony

Answer 23

a colony that is maintained without the introduction of animals from other sources

Question 24

strain

Answer 24

a group of animals of known ancestry maintained by a deliberate mating system; generally with some distinguishing characteristics

Question 25

inbred strain

Answer 25

mating brother and sister for 20 or more consecutive generations; also parent and offspring

Question 26

phenotype vs genotype

Answer 26

physical, biochemical and physiological makeup of an individual vs the genetic constitution of an individual

Question 27

meiosis

Answer 27

cell division occurring in sex cells where each cell receives half the number of chromosomes

Question 28

mitosis

Answer 28

cell division occurring in somatic cells where each cell receives a full complement of chromosomes

Question 29

pheromone

Answer 29

a substance secreted in urine, sweat, or glandular secretions and perceived by another individual of the same species releasing specific reaction on behavior

Question 30

gnotobiology

Answer 30

study of animals raised in the absence of microorganisms or in the presence of known microbial strains or communities

Question 31

conventional animal

Answer 31

animals raised under standard conditions

Question 32

SPF animal

Answer 32

May harbor disease-causing microbes, but not a particular one

Question 33

axenic animal

Answer 33

animal that is free of all known microorganisms and parasites

Question 34

pathogen free animal

Answer 34

Has no disease-causing microbes but may have other microbes

Question 35

gnotobiotic animal

Answer 35

all microbes known; starts as axenic and inoculated with certain microorganisms

Question 36

COBS

Answer 36

- Born by Caesarean section - Maintained in sterile environment - Fed sterile food - Kept in sterile isolators with sterile bedding

Question 37

transgenic animal

Answer 37

an animal that carries a foreign gene that has been deliberately inserted into its genome; knockout animal