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Leg and Ankle Flashcards

(132 cards)

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1
Q

tibialis anterior origin

A

lateral condyle
lateral surface of upper 1/2 of tibia
interosseous membrane
crural fascia

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2
Q

tibialis anterior insertion

A

medial and plantar surfaces of 1st metatarsal bone

medial cuneiform

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3
Q

tibialis anterior action

A

dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint

inverts and adducts at subtalar and midtarsal joint

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4
Q

tibialis anterior innervation

A

deep fibular (peroneal) nerve (L4, L5)

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5
Q

extensor hallucis longus origin

A

medial surface of fibula
anterior part of interosseous membrane
crural fascia

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6
Q

extensor hallucis longus insertion

A

dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of great toe

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7
Q

extensor hallucis longus action

A

extends great toe

dorsiflexes and inverts foot

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8
Q

extensor hallucis longus innervation

A

deep fibular (peroneal) (L5, S1)

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9
Q

extensor hallucis longus irrigation

A

anterial tibial artery

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10
Q

extensor digitorum longus origin

A

lateral condyle of tibia
upper 3/4 anterior surface of fibula
interosseous membrane

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11
Q

extensor digitorum longus insertion

A

distal phalanges of four lateral toes

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12
Q

extensor digitorum longus action

A

extends last four digits

dorsiflexes and everts foot

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13
Q

extensor digitorum longus innervation

A

deep fibular (peroneal) nerve (L5, S1)

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14
Q

extensor digitorum longus irrigation

A

anterior tibial artery

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15
Q

fibularis longus origin

A

head of fibula
upper 2/3 of fibula
intermuscular septum

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16
Q

fibularis longus insertion

A

lateral aspect of base of 1st metatarsal

medial cuneiform

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17
Q

fibularis longus action

A

everts foot

weak plantar flexor

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18
Q

fibularis longus innervation

A

superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve (L4-S2)

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19
Q

fibularis longus irrigation

A

anterial tibial and peroneal arteries

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20
Q

fibularis brevis origin

A

distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

intermuscular septum

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21
Q

fibularis brevis insertion

A

lateral surface and base of 5th metatarsal

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22
Q

fibularis brevis action

A

everts foot

weak plantar flexor

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23
Q

fibularis brevis innervation

A

superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve (L4-S1)

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24
Q

fibularis brevis irrigation

A

muscular branches of peroneal artery

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25
extensor hallucis brevis origin
dorsal aspect of calcaneus bone
26
extensor hallucis brevis insertion
lateral side of proximal phalanx of great toe
27
extensor hallucis brevis action
extend proximal phalanx of great toe
28
extensor hallucis brevis innervation
deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
29
extensor hallucis brevis irrigation
dorsalis pedis artery
30
extensor digitorum brevis origin
dorsal and lateral aspect of calcaneus bone
31
extensor digitorum brevis insertion
lateral side of tendons of extensor digitorum longus
32
extensor digitorum brevis action
helps extend proximal phalanges of 2nd-4th toes
33
extensor digitorum brevis innervation
deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
34
extensor digitorum brevis irrigation
dorsalis pedis artery
35
gastrocnemius origin
medial head: medial epicondyle of femur | lateral head: lateral epicondyle of femur
36
gastrocnemius insertion
posterior surface of calcaneus
37
gastrocnemius action
plantar flexes foot flex leg at knee supinate foot
38
gastrocnemius innervation
tibial nerve (S1-S2)
39
gastrocnemius irrigation
each head supplied by a sural branch of popliteal artery
40
soleus origin
posterior surface of head upper 1/3 of fibula soleal line medial border of tibia
41
soleus insertion
joins tendon of gastroc to insert on calcaneus
42
soleus action
plantar flex foot
43
soleus innervation
tibial nerve (S1, S2)
44
soleus irrigation
posterior tibial, peroneal, and sural arteries
45
plantaris origin
posterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of femur | oblique popliteal ligament
46
plantaris insertion
into calcaneal tendon with gastroc and soleus muscles
47
plantaris action
plantar flexion | weak knee flexor
48
plantaris innervation
tibial nerve (S1, S2)
49
plantaris irrigation
posterior tibial, peroneal, and sural arteries
50
popliteus origin
lateral epicondyle of femur | lateral meniscus of knee joint
51
popliteus insertion
posterior surface of body of tibia proximal to soleal line
52
popliteus action
flex and internally rotate tibia when femur is fixed; externally rotate femur to unlock knee joint when tibia is fixed
53
popliteus innervation
tibial nerve (L4-S1)
54
popliteus irrigation
medial inferior genicular branch of popliteal artery | muscular branch of posterior tibial artery
55
tibialis posterior origin
posterior surface of interosseuos membrane posterior surface of tibia medial surface of fibula
56
tibialis posterior insertion
navicular tuberosity, slips to calcaneus, three cuneiforms, cuboid, and 2-4 metatarsals
57
tibialis posterior action
plantar flexion, invert and adducts foot
58
tibialis posterior innervation
tibial nerve (L5, S1)
59
tibialis posterior irrigation
muscular branches of sural, peroneal, and posterior tibial arteries
60
flexor digitorum longus origin
posterior surface of tibia and fascia over tibialis posterior
61
flexor digitorum longus insertion
bases of distal phalanx of the four lateral toes
62
flexor digitorum longus action
flexes distal phalanx of lateral four toes | plantar flexes and supinates foot
63
flexor digitorum longus innervation
tibial nerve (S1, S2)
64
flexor digitorum longus irrigation
muscular branch of posterior tibial artery
65
flexor hallucis longus origin
lower 2/3 of posterior fibula | lower part of interosseous membrane
66
flexor hallucis longus insertion
base of distal phalanx of great toe
67
flexor hallucis longus action
flexes distal phalanx of large toe | plantar flexes and supinates foot
68
flexor hallucis longus innervation
tibial nerve (S1, S2)
69
flexor hallucis longus irrigation
muscular branch of peroneal and posterior tibial artery
70
abductor hallucis origin
flexor retinaculum medial process of calcaneal tuberosity plantar aponeurosis
71
abductor hallucis insertion
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of large toe
72
abductor hallucis action
abducts and flexes large toe | helps maintain medial longitudinal arch
73
abductor hallucis innervation
medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)
74
abductor hallucis irrigation
medial plantar artery
75
flexor digitorum brevis origin
medial process of calcaneal tuberosity | planter aponeurosis
76
flexor digitorum brevis insertion
by four tendons onto the middle phalanx of lateral four toes
77
flexor digitorum brevis action
flexes lateral four toes
78
flexor digitorum brevis innervation
medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)
79
flexor digitorum brevis irrigation
medial plantar artery
80
abductor digiti minimi origin
medial and lateral processes of calcaneal tuberosity | plantar aponeurosis
81
abductor digiti minimi insertion
lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of small toe
82
abductor digiti minimi action
abducts and flexes little toe
83
abductor digiti minimi innervation
lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
84
abductor digiti minimi irrigation
lateral plantar artery
85
quadratus plantae origin
two heads of plantar surface of calcaneus | long plantar ligament
86
quadratus plantae insertion
lateral and deep surfaces of tendons of flexor digitorum longus muscle
87
quadratus plantae action
assists flexor digitorum longus | straightens pull of FDL along longitudinal axis of foot
88
quadratus plantae innervation
lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
89
quadratus plantae irrigation
lateral plantar artery
90
first lumbrical origin
medial side of first tendon (to second toe) of the flexor digitorum longus
91
first lumbrical insertion
passes long medial side of second toe and inserts on dorsal digital expansion
92
first lumbrical action
flex proximal phalanx at MTP joint | extend interphalangeal joint
93
first lumbrical innervation
medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)
94
first lumbrical irrigation
medial plantar artery
95
2nd-4th lumbrical origin
two heads from the adjacent surfaes of 2-4th tendons of the flexor digitorum longus muscle
96
2nd-4th lumbrical insertion
course along sides of 3-5 toes and insert on respective dorsal digital expansion
97
2nd-4th lumbrical action
flex proximal phalange at MTP joint | extend interphalangeal joint
98
2nd-4th lumbrical innervation
lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
99
2nd-4th lumbrical irrigation
lateral plantar artery
100
flexor hallucis brevis origin
plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiform bones | tendon of tibialis posterior
101
flexor hallucis brevis insertion
two tendons on the sides of the base of proximal phalanx of large toe
102
flexor hallucis brevis action
flexes proximal phalanx of large toe at MTP
103
flexor hallucis brevis innervation
medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)
104
flexor hallucis brevis irrigation
medial plantar artery
105
flexor digiti minimi origin
base of 5th metatarsal bone | sheath of tendon of fibularis longus
106
flexor digiti minimi insertion
lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of small toe
107
flexor digiti minimi action
flexes proximal phalanx of small toe at MTP
108
flexor digiti minimi innervation
lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
109
flexor digiti minimi irrigation
lateral plantar artery
110
adductor hallucis origin
transverse head: plantar MTP ligaments of toes 3-5; deep transverse metatarsal ligaments oblique head: base of 2-4 metatarsal; sheath of tendon of fibularis longus muscle
111
adductor hallucis insertion
common tendon to lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of large toe
112
adductor hallucis action
adducts large toe | flex large toe at MTP
113
adductor hallucis innervation
lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
114
adductor hallucis irrigation
lateral plantar artery
115
plantar interossei origin
bases and medial sides of 3-5 metatarsal bones
116
plantar interossei insertion
bases of proximal phalanx of 3-5th toes (medial side) | onto dorsal digital expansions
117
plantar interossei action
adduct 3-5th toes, flex MTP, extend IP joints
118
plantar interossei innervation
lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
119
plantar interossei irrigation
lateral plantar arch
120
dorsal interossei origin
each by two heads from adjacent sides of metatarsal bones
121
dorsal interossei insertion
proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion of 2-4th toes
122
dorsal interossei action
abducts 2-4th toes, flex MTP, extend IP joints
123
dorsal interossei innervation
lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
124
dorsal interossei irrigation
lateral plantar arch
125
Plantar Flexion
gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus (assists), peroneus brevis (assists), flexor digitorum longus (weak), flexor hallucis longus (weak), plantaris (weak)
126
Dorsiflexion
tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus
127
Inversion
tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis longus
128
Eversion
peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, extensor digitorum longus
129
Flexion of 2nd-5th Toes
flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis, lumbricals, quadratus plantae (assists), dorsal interossei (2nd-4th), plantar interossei (3rd-5th), abductor digiti minimi (5th), flexor digiti minimi brevis (5th)
130
Extension of 2nd-5th Toes
extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis (2nd-4th), lumbricals
131
Flexion of 1st Toe
flexor hallucis longus, flexor hallucis brevis, abductor hallucis (assists), adductor hallucis (assists)
132
Extension of 1st Toe
extensor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis brevis

Muscles (9 decks)

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