Lesson 13 (Part 2) Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is the formula to find the volume of the bladder?
L x H x W x 0.523 = cc
What plane do you measure the length of the bladder?
In sagittal
- diagonally
How do you measure the bladder in transverse? (2)
- Anterior to posterior
- height - Right to left
- width
Voiding
Peeing
What should the bladder wall be when its normal?
Thin
- not routinely measured
What might you see with colour doppler on the bladder?
Ureters jetting at the UVJ
What does colour doppler aid in with the bladder?
Identifying obstructions
Where is the reverberation artifact in the bladder?
Mostly in the near field
- anterior portion of the bladder
How do you fix some of the reverberation artifact of the bladder?
Adjust the gain
- but not too dark
What are 3 pitfalls of the bladder?
- Obese patients
- Surgical scars
- Abdominal dressing
What can surgical scars produce?
Artifacts
What does the 7th week urorectal septum fuses with?
Cloacal membrane
What does the urorectal septum do?
It divides urogenital sinus and dorsal rectum
What is the bladder continuous with?
Allantois
What does the allantois become?
Urachus
- fibrous cord
What is another name for urachus?
Median umbilical ligament
What 2 things happen as the bladder grows?
- Distal mesonephric ducts becomes part of the connective tissue into the bladder trigone
- Ureters open into the bladder
What are 3 anomalies related to renal growth?
- Hypoplasia
- Fetal lobulation
- Compensatory hypertrophy
Hypoplasia
Under formation
- under development
- incomplete
- decrease in function
Hypoplasia kidneys
Small kidneys
- reduced nephrons
What is difficult to differentiate in hypoplasia?
Between the sinuses and the cortex
Persistent fetal lobulation
Is an uncommon condition that causes the surface of the kidney to appear as several lobules instead of smooth, flat and continuous
What is fetal lobulation normally present in?
Children until 4-5 years of age
- if it persists it becomes an anomaly
What percentage of fetal lobulation is seen in adults?
51%
