Lesson 301 Circuit Operations

Question 1

What does MATS stand for?

Answer 1

MATS stands for Manual of Air Traffic Services.

Question 2

What is the main aim of controlling the circuit in Lesson 301?

Answer 2

Students will control the circuit incorporating control techniques to facilitate arrivals and departures as well as various circuit operations such as stop-and-go touch-and-go and the option.

Question 3

Define ‘Touch-and-Go’ as per MATS Tower Glossary.

Answer 3

A procedure in which an aircraft lands and then commences a takeoff without stopping.

Question 4

Why is it important to understand when an aircraft becomes a departure?

Answer 4

It is very important for both runway and wake turbulence separation.

Question 5

What are ‘Multiple Touch-and-Gos’?

Answer 5

Multiple touch-and-gos occur when the aircraft lands on the runway multiple times typically only practiced on very long runways.

Question 6

What is a ‘Stop-and-Go’?

Answer 6

A Stop-and-Go is a procedure in which an aircraft lands makes a complete stop on the runway and then commences a takeoff from that point.

Question 7

What must you consider before issuing a clearance for a Stop-and-Go?

Answer 7

You must consider time as inbound traffic may not allow for a Stop-and-Go approval and operational advantages.

Question 8

Give an example of phraseology for an unavailable Stop-and-Go due to traffic.

Answer 8

UNABLE STOP-AND-GO DUE TRAFFIC. CLEARED TOUCH-AND-GO RUNWAY 09.

Question 9

What is a ‘Low Approach’ according to MATS Tower Glossary?

Answer 9

An approach over an airport or runway following an instrument approach procedure or VFR approach including the overshoot maneuver, where the pilot intentionally does not make contact with the runway.

Question 10

What must be passed to the aircraft conducting a low approach?

Answer 10

Traffic information must be passed to both the aircraft conducting the low approach and the aircraft or vehicle occupying the runway.

Question 11

What is required to clear an IFR aircraft for a low approach over an occupied runway?

Answer 11

You must ensure that an altitude restriction of NOT BELOW 1300 ASL (500 AGL) is issued to the pilot.

Question 12

What is the function of IWP in context to touch-and-go and stop-and-go operations?

Answer 12

IWP is used to manage prime and toggle the NEXT control for circuit operations.

Question 13

What does ‘The Option’ refer to in aviation operations?

Answer 13

The Option is a maneuver that allows the flight instructor to make a last-minute change to test student pilot skills.

Question 14

What are some maneuvers that may be performed under ‘The Option’?

Answer 14

ARRIVAL Option

• Touch-and-go
• Stop-and-go
• Low approach
• Missed approach
• Full stop landing

DEPARTURE Option

• Simulated rejected takeoff
• Recuced speed Takeoff
• Simulated enigne failure on Departure

Question 15

What is the significance of wake turbulence and runway separation in circuit operations?

Answer 15

It’s critical to determine when to classify the aircraft as an arrival or departure to ensure safety and effective traffic management.

Question 16

What is the landing clearance format as per MATS?

Answer 16

The landing clearance format is: aircraft id unit id special information control instructions wind information CLEARED operation runway id.

Question 17

What type of traffic information includes details such as runway exit instructions?

Answer 17

Traffic information that includes details such as a runway exit instruction for example MAKE FULL-STOP LANDING EXIT LEAVE VACATE GET OFF VIA taxiway id.

Question 18

When should wind information be issued to aircraft?

Answer 18

If the wind speed is 15 knots or more issue the wind information when the aircraft is approximately 2 miles from the runway.

Question 19

What should be done if traffic prevents the issuing of wind information to individual aircraft?

Answer 19

Broadcast the wind information periodically for the benefit of all aircraft on final approach.

Question 20

What is EO 301.1 regarding circuit operation clearances?

Answer 20

Issue circuit operation clearances to local traffic.

Question 21

What does ‘SHORTENED’ indicate when used with runway identification?

Answer 21

The use of ‘SHORTENED’ indicates that the runway has been temporarily shortened due to construction and either end of the runway is closed.

Question 22

Does the use of ‘SHORTENED’ transfer pilot responsibility to the controller?

Answer 22

No the use of ‘SHORTENED’ does not transfer pilot responsibility to the controller.

Question 23

In what situation might you omit the term ‘SHORTENED’?

Answer 23

In a repetitive operation if the pilot has already received a landing or departure clearance that included ‘SHORTENED’ you may omit the term.

Question 24

What is the correct phrase for an aircraft to exit right on a specified Taxiway?

Answer 24

EXIT RIGHT ON ALFA.

Question 25

What should a controller do when an aircraft is on a final approach?

Answer 25

A controller should issue instructions clearly to ensure the safe and orderly flow of traffic.

Question 26

What is the priority order when controlling as an air traffic controller?

Answer 26

1. Safe 2. Orderly 3. Expeditious.

Question 27

Why is it important not to contact an aircraft during critical phases of flight?

Answer 27

It is extremely important not to contact an aircraft when arriving or departing as pilots' workloads increase significantly during these phases.

Question 28

What should a controller do if an aircraft cannot respond quickly during critical phases?

Answer 28

Only in a potentially hazardous situation should a controller contact and expect an immediate response.

Question 29

What are speed control adjustments considered during air traffic control?

Answer 29

Speed control adjustments are seen as a means to maintain or slightly increase separation between two aircraft.

Question 30

What maximum indicated airspeed may a controller assign to pilots?

Answer 30

As an airport controller you may not assign an IAS; you may only ask that the pilots increase/decrease speed as much as practicable.

Question 31

What is the best practice regarding speed adjustments for aircraft?

Answer 31

Speed adjustments must be seen as a means to maintain or slightly increase separation between two aircraft.

Question 32

What should you do if a pilot is unable to increase or decrease speed?

Answer 32

You will then have to rely on your plan B.

Question 33

What is a key aspect of instructing an aircraft to fly runway heading?

Answer 33

Using this technique allows for an extended downwind while potentially allowing the aircraft to turn base closer to the airport.

Question 34

What technique is used if the aircraft has already turned crosswind but has not yet turned downwind?

Answer 34

Extend crosswind.

Question 35

What is EO 301.2 about?

Answer 35

Integrate circuit traffic with arrivals and departures.

Question 36

What does an instruction to 'REDUCE TO APPROACH SPEED' signify?

Answer 36

It is a speed adjustment instruction for IFR and VFR aircraft to aid in establishing visual separation.

Question 37

What should a controller communicate regarding speed if the pilot is not able to adjust it?

Answer 37

The controller should plan for an alternate strategy since pilots may not be able to speed up or slow down as requested.

Question 38

What should be done if heavy wake turbulence affects operations?

Answer 38

Instruct pilots on the impact of wake turbulence and advise them accordingly.

Question 39

What considerations should be made regarding a pilot's speed adjustments on approach?

Answer 39

Pilots of high-performance aircraft prefer to slow down throughout the entire approach thus speed adjustments must be approached cautiously.

Question 40

What is the significance of the phrase 'INCREASE REDUCE SPEED AS MUCH AS PRACTICABLE'?

Answer 40

It is an instruction that must be applied cautiously to avoid miscommunication or misunderstanding.

Question 41

Low Approach

Answer 41

An approach over an airport or runway following an instrument approach procedure or VFR approach, including the overshoot manoeuvre, where the pilot intentionally does not make contact with the runway

Question 42

Where can Conflict emerge in the circuit?

Answer 42

BASE vs FINAL DOWNWIND vs BASE CROSSWIND vs DOWNWIND LEFT BASE vs RIGHT BASE FAST vs SLOW AIRCRAFT

Question 43

List the 8 CONTROL TECNIQUES

Answer 43

Speed control Extend Runway heading Extend Crosswind Extend Downwind 360 Cross Overhead to Join Opposite Downwind Right 270 to Base Changing Circuit Direction

Question 44

List the Arrival`s OPTIONS:

Answer 44

Touch and GO Stop and GO Low Approach Missed Approach Full stop Landing

Question 45

To solve future conflict is Preferred to extend Runway Heading rather than Downwind why?

Answer 45

Extending runway heading allows for more options and anticipated planning

Question 46

What is not a form of separation? `

Answer 46

HOPE

Question 47

Low Approach Clearance

Answer 47

You MAY clear an aircraft for a Low Approach to a runway whose surface is occupied, provided that an altitude restriction of "NOT BELOW 1300 FEET ASL" (500 AGL) is issued to the pilot and relevant traffic information is passed to both the aircraft in the air and any aircraft/vehicle(s) on the runway