LEWIS Chapter 62: Nursing Assessment: Musculoskeletal Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in LEWIS Chapter 62: Nursing Assessment: Musculoskeletal Deck (22)
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0
Q

This is the resistance of movement of muscle or joint as a result of fibrosis of supporting soft tissues. What is this defined as?

A

Contracture

1
Q

This is the stiffness and fixation of a joint. What is this defined as?

A

Ankylosis

2
Q

This is the frequent, audible crackling sound with palpable grating that accompanies movement. What is this defined as?

A

Crepitation

3
Q

This can be caused by poor posture, tuberculosis, arthritis, osteoporosis, growth disturbance of vertebral epiphyses. What is this defined as?

A

Kyphosis

4
Q

This is the flabby appearance of muscle leading to decreased function and tone. What is this defined as?

A

Atrophy

6
Q

This increases the tension within a muscle but does not produce movement. What is this defined as?

A

Isometric contractions

7
Q
  1. This is also known as Crepitus.
  2. This is also known as ROM.
  3. This is also known as Dowager’s Hump.
  4. This is also known as Swayback.
  5. This is also known as a Roentgenogram.
  6. This is also known as a Haversian system.
    What are these defined as?
A
  1. Crepitation
  2. Range of Motion Exercises
  3. Kyphosis
  4. Lordosis
  5. X-Ray
  6. Osteons
8
Q

After anesthesia has been administered, a large-bore needle is inserted into the joint, and the joint is distended with fluid or air. When the arthroscope is inserted, the surgeon is able to perform extensive, accurate visualization of the joint cavity. Photographs or videotapes can be made through the scope, and a biopsy of the synovium or cartilage can be obtained. Torn tissue can be repaired through arthroscopic surgery, eliminating the need for a larger incision and greatly decreasing the recovery time. What is this defined as?

A

Arthroscopy

9
Q

This is an asymmetric scapulae and shoulders, exaggerated lumbar curvature. What is this defined as?

A

Lordosis

10
Q

When assessing the patient’s joint mobility, carefully evaluate both active and passive full movement potential of a joint. Measurements should be similar for both active and passive maneuvers. What is this defined as?

A

Range of Motion

11
Q

This shortens a muscle to produce movement. Most contractions are a combination of tension generation and shortening. What is this defined as?

A

Isotonic contractions

12
Q

This is a lateral S-shaped curvature of the thoracic and lumbar spine. Unequal shoulder and scapula height is usually noted when the patient is observed from the back. What is this defined as?

A

Scoliosis

13
Q

This can be caused by chronic joint inflammation and destruction (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis). What is this defined as?

A

Ankylosis

14
Q

This is the most common diagnostic study used to assess musculoskeletal problems and to monitor the effectiveness of treatment. Because bones are denser than other tissues, these do not penetrate them. What is this defined as?

A

X-Ray

16
Q

This can be caused secondary to other spinal deformities, muscular dystrophy, obesity, flexion contracture of hip, and congenital dislocation of hip. What is this defined as?

A

Lordosis

17
Q

Bone is classified according to structure as cortical (compact and dense) or cancellous (spongy). In cortical bone, cylindric structural units these fit closely together, creating a dense bone structure. What is this defined as?

A

Osteons

18
Q

This can be caused by muscle denervation, contracture, prolonged disuse as a result of immobilization. What is this defined as?

A

Atrophy

18
Q

This can be caused by shortening of muscle or ligaments, tightness of soft tissue, incorrect positioning of immobilized extremity. What is this defined as?

A

Contracture

19
Q

This can be caused by fracture, dislocation, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, osteoarthritis. What is this defined as?

A

Crepitation

22
Q

This is a procedure involving joint aspiration. This is usually performed for synovial fluid analysis. It may also be done to remove fluid from joints to relieve pain. What is this defined as?

A

Arthrocentesis

22
Q

This is an exaggerated thoracic curvature. What is this defined as?

A

Kyphosis

22
Q

Repeating this type of contractions make muscles grow larger and stronger. What is this defined as?

A

Isometric Contractions