Life Cycle

Question 1

Calorie needs for infants

Answer 1

80-120 calories per kg (2.2 lb) body weight.

Question 2

First 6 months breastfed infants need how many calories?

Answer 2

108 cal/kil

Question 3

Recommended protein intake for infants 0-6mos

Answer 3

2.2 g/kg of body weight

Question 4

Recommend protein intake for infants 6-12mos

Answer 4

1.6 g/kg body weight

Question 5

% of fat provide by breastmilk

Answer 5

55%

Question 6

Stage of life with highest metabolic rate

Answer 6

Infant

Question 7

Urea cycle disorder that requires protein restriction.

Answer 7

Citrullinemia

Question 8

Rare genetic condition of protein metabolism in which breakdown by-products build up in blood & urine, causing coma & death if untreated.

Answer 8

Maple Syrup Urine Disease

Question 9

DRIs have been established for the energy needs of young children. The formula for EER for children ages 13-36mos is:

Answer 9

(89 X weight [kg] -100) +20 (kcal for energy deposition)

Question 10

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children is administered by the Food & Nutrition Service of the USDA.

Answer 10

WIC

Question 11

The Farmer’s Market Nutrition Program is a special season program for WIC.

Answer 11

(WIC) FMNP

Question 12

Administered by the U.S. Dept of Health & Human Services. Comprehensive child development programs that serve kids from birth to 5 y/o, pregnant women & their families.

Answer 12

Head Start & Early Start

Question 13

(Formerly the Food Stamp Program) – SNAP is administered by the USDA, designed to help adults in low-income households buy food.

Answer 13

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Question 14

Sum of dietary fiber & functional fiber

Answer 14

Total Fiber

Question 15

Complex carbohydrates and lignins naturally occurring & found mainly in the plant cell wall. Dietary fiber cannot be broken down by human digestive enzymes.

Answer 15

Dietary Fiber

Question 16

Nondigestable carbohydrates including plant, animal or commercially produced sources that have beneficial effects in humans.

Answer 16

Functional Fiber

Question 17

“Tanner Stages” is a scale of secondary sexual characteristics that allows health professionals to assess the degree of pubertal maturation among adolescents, regardless of chronological age.

Answer 17

Sexual Maturation Rating (SMR)

Question 18

5 leading causes of death in adults

Answer 18

1. Cancer
2. Heart disease
3. Stroke
4. Diabetes
5. Liver disease

Question 19

Adult Macros

Answer 19

Fat - 20-35%
Protein 10-35%
Carbohydrates 45-65%

Question 20

BMR Calculation for Women

Answer 20

(10 X wt) + (6.25 X ht) – (5 X age) - 161

Question 21

BMR Calculation for Men

Answer 21

(10 X wt) + (6.25 X ht) – (5 X age) + 5

Question 22

Elderly are at high risk for deficiency of

Answer 22

calories, calcium, iron, magnesium, folate, thiamin (B1), riboflavin (B2), pyridoxine (B6) & cyanocobalmin (B12), vitamin C & vitamin D.

Question 23

During the past 50 years, the average total caloric intake among infants in the United States:

a. Has not changed
b. Has decreased
c. Has increased
d. Is not possible to assess

Answer 23

c. Has increased

Question 24

The digestive system during infancy can be accurately described by which statement?

a. GI problems often interfere with health & growth in young infants.
b. The digestive tract is not completely developed for digestion for months after birth.
c. Infant stools change based on the ability of the intestinal villa to absorb nutrients.
d. Regarding hunger & satiety cues, parenting skills to read them develop more slowly than the infants’ skills to give them.

Answer 24

d. Regarding hunger & satiety cues, parenting skills to read them develop more slowly than the infants’ skills to give them.

Question 25

What factors make nutritional requirements higher for an infant now 8 months of age who was born at 29 weeks gestation? a. Being born so early resulted in less body fat & nutrient reserves. b. The persistence of newborn reflexes. c. More frequent illnesses due to the immaturity of the immune system. d. The immaturity of the GI tract lessens nutrient absorption

Answer 25

a. Being born so early resulted in less body fat & nutrient reserves.

Question 26

True or False : According to food consumption surveys, young children exceed estimated needs for calories.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

The best predictor of energy needs during adolescence is: a. Chronologic age b. Change in body weight c. Increase in height d. Muscle growth

Answer 27

c. Increase in height

Question 28

The nutrients most likely to be missing from the diets of vegan adolescents are: a. A, D, E & Zinc b. B6, D, B12, & Calcium c. B6, B12, E & Choline d. A, D, E & Iron

Answer 28

b. B6, D, B12, & Calcium

Question 29

Compared to his peers, a healthy 15-year old male who is a competitive weight lifter should consume more protein and more: a. Minerals b. Carbohydrates c. Fat d. Carbohydrates & fat

Answer 29

b. Carbohydrates

Question 30

The caloric equivalent of one gram of lean tissue is approximately: a. 1 Kcal b. 2 Kcal c. 4 Kcal d. 9 Kcal

Answer 30

a. 1 Kcal

Question 31

Which of the following nutrients may be required in greater amounts by adolescents who use ETOH & tobacco? a. Thiamin (B1) b. Iron c. Vitamin C d. All of the above

Answer 31

d. All of the above

Question 32

To maintain basic hydration, an elderly individual must consume at least: a. 4 cups of fluid per day b. 8 cups of fluid per day c. 12 cups of fluid per day d. 16 cups of fluid per day

Answer 32

b. 8 cups of fluid per day

Question 33

A severe form of protein-energy malnutrition in young children. It is characterized by swelling, fatty liver, susceptibility to infection, profound apathy & poor appetite. The cause of kwashiorkor is unclear.

Answer 33

Kwashiorkor

Question 34

An eating disorder characterized by the compulsion to eat substances that are not food.

Answer 34

Pica

Question 35

A rare genetic condition of carbohydrate metabolism in which a blocked or inactive enzyme does not allow breakdown of galactose. It can cause serious illness if not identified & treated soon after birth.

Answer 35

Galactosemia

Question 36

A measure of the amount of energy transferred from food to the body

Answer 36

Calorie

Question 37

Chemical substances in food that are used by the body

Answer 37

Nutrients

Question 38

Simple sugars

Answer 38

Monosaccharides | Disaccharides

Question 39

Monosaccharides

Answer 39

glucose, fructose, galactose

Question 40

Disaccharides

Answer 40

sucrose, maltose, lactose

Question 41

Complex carbohydrates (i.e., polysaccharides)

Answer 41

Starches: plant form Glycogen: animal form Most types of fiber

Question 42

Amount of added sugar per day

Answer 42

25g

Question 43

Female fiber intake

Answer 43

21-25g

Question 44

Male fiber intake

Answer 44

30-38g

Question 45

Study of nutrient-gene interactions and effects of these interactions on health

Answer 45

Nutrigenomics