Lipid Lowering Drugs Flashcards Preview

Pharmacology > Lipid Lowering Drugs > Flashcards

Flashcards in Lipid Lowering Drugs Deck (14)
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1
Q

Treatment of high-LDL

A

Therapeutic lifestyle changes

  • Smoking cessation
  • The TLC diet
  • Exercise

-Should be continued even if lipid lowering pharmacotherapy is started

2
Q

Drug therapy (general)

A
Should be used only if TLC's fail
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (the statins)
Bile-acid sequestrates
Nicotinic acid
Vibrates (gemfinrozol)
3
Q

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors mechanism of action

A

-Most effective drugs for lowering LDL
- Reduces LDL, TG
-Increase in HDL
Promotes plaque stability
Reduces risk of cardiovascular events

-Therapeutic uses: Hypercholesterolemia
Post-MI
Primary and secondary prevention of MI
-Effects seen in 2 weeks

4
Q

Rosuvastatin

A

Reaches higher levels in asian–> increased risk of hepatotoxicity

5
Q

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors adverse effects

A

Adverse effects

  • Headache
  • Rash
  • GI disturbances

Rare
Hepatotoxicity and rhabdomyalysis

6
Q

When should you take statins?

A

In the evening

Have the greatest effect on lipid levels

7
Q

Nicotinic acid affects

A

Reduces LDL, TG

Increases HDL

8
Q

Nicotinic acid

A
Skin-flushing, itching
GI
Hepatotoxicity
Hyperglycemia
Gout arthritis
9
Q

Prophylaxis of skin flushing w/ nicotinic acid?

A

Aspirin 30 minutes beforehand

10
Q

Bile-Acid Sequestrates (Colesevelam)

A

Newest and better tolerated
Adjusts to statins
Does not decrease uptake of fat-soluble vitamins

Prevents the reabsorption of bile acids
Increases LDL receptors on hepatocytes

Reduction in LDL

Can reduce glucose, useful for diabetics–> monitor hypoglycemia

11
Q

Colesnvelam adverse effects

A

Constipation

12
Q

Fabric Acid Derivatives:

Gemfibrozil (Lopid)

A

Most effective at lowering TG
Little to no effect on LDL

Can increase risk for rhabdo w/ patients on statins

Displaces warfarin from plasma albumin
Measure INR frequently

13
Q

Gemfibrozil adverse effects

A

Myopathy

Hepatotoxicity

14
Q

Beneficial drug combinations

A

Niacin/lovastatin
Simvastatin/niacin
Pravastatin/asprin
Atorvastatin/amlodipine