Liver and Biliary System

Question 1

contrast the secretion of the canalicular bile vs the ductule bile

Answer 1

Question 2

contrast the organic vs inorganic components of bile

Answer 2

• organic:
  
  • bile acid (cholic acid)
  • phosphlipid (lecithin)
  • cholesterol
• inorganic:
  
  • Na+
  • HCO3-
  • Cl-

Question 3

contrast primary vs secondary bile acids

Answer 3

Question 4

describe the conjugation of bile acids to bile salts

Answer 4

Question 5

the formation of bile by hepatocytes is an _____ process

Answer 5

the formation of bile by hepatocytes is an active process

Energy dependent secretion of inorganic and organic solutes into the canalicular lumen; water follows passively

Question 6

describe the factors that regulate the formation of bile

Answer 6

Question 7

describe the differences between gallbladder bile and hepatic bile

Answer 7

• bile volume secreted > capacity of gall bladder
• gall bladder concentrates bile
  
  • epithelial cells of gall bladder absorb water passively and secondary active transport
• organic constituents become more concentrated (20x)
• gall bladder epithelial cells secrete mucins and H+ protects gallbladder lining and neutralizes bile

Question 8

describe gallbladder function during digestion and during interdigestive phases

Answer 8

• interdigestive phase = relaxed gallbladder (+ contracted Sphincter of Oddi)
• digestive phase = contractions of gallbladder (+ relaxation of Sphincter of OddI)
• mediators of contraction: 20% ACh and 80% CCK