Liver Function and Porphyrin Formation Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Liver Function and Porphyrin Formation Deck (16)
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1
Q

Bilirubin

A

Product of breakdown of Hgb, forms complex with albumin (unconjugated) for transport to liver, conjugated in liver, excreted into bile

2
Q

Urobilinogen

A

Conjugated bilirubin reduces by anaerobic bacteria in intestine

Some reabsorbed to get excreted in urine

3
Q

Urobilin

A

Urobilinogen oxidized by anaerobic bacteria

Gives stool color

4
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellow discoloration from increased bilirubin concentration (> 2-3 mg/dL), deposited in skin and sclera of eyes

5
Q

Kernicterus

A

Elevated bilirubin deposits in brain of infants

6
Q

Prehepatic jaundice

A

Excessive RBC destruction (hemolytic anemia,spherocytosis, toxic conditions)

Increased unconjugated bilirubin in serum

7
Q

Gilbert syndrome

A

Transport problem of bilirubin from sinusoids membrane to microsomal region

Mild increase in unconjugated bilirubin

8
Q

Crigler-Najjar disease

A

Deficiency of UDP-glycuronyltransferase

Little conjugated bilirubin formed, increased serum unconjugated bilirubin

9
Q

Dubin-Johnson syndrome

A

Impaired transport of conjugated bilirubin in hepatocyte from microsomal region to bile canaliculi

Increased conjugated bilirubin, slight increase in unconjugated bilirubin

10
Q

Neonatal physiological jaundice

A

Low levels of UDP-glycuronyltransferase at birth

Increased serum unconjugated bilirubin

11
Q

Intrahepatic cholestasis

A

Caused by hepatic injury like cirrhosis, bile duct injury, or neoplasms

12
Q

Posthepatic jaundice

A

When obstruction blocks flow of bile into intestines (extrahepatic cholestasis) cause by gallstones, neoplasms, inflammatory conditions

Significantly increased serum conjugated bilirubin, increased serum unconjugated bilirubin, increased urine conjugated bilirubin
Decreased urine/decal urobilinogen (pale stool)

13
Q

Bilirubin ref ranges

A

Infant total bilirubin = 2-6 mg/dL
Adult total bilirubin = 0.2-1.0 mg/dL
Adult unconjugated = 0.2-0.8 mg/dL
Adult conjugated = 0-0.2 mg/dL

14
Q

ALP - slight increase
AST - marked increase
ALT - marked increase
GGT - slight increase

A

Acute hepatitis

15
Q

ALP - marked increase
AST - slight increase
ALT - slight increase
GGT - marked increase

A

Obstructive jaundice

16
Q

ALP - slight increase
AST - slight increase
ALT - slight increase
GGT - slight increase

A

Chronic hepatitis