Lower leg joints

Question 1

What is the membrane that connects the tibia and the fibula?

Answer 1

The interosseus membrane.

Question 2

What are the apertures of the interossues membrane?

Answer 2

The superior and inferior aperture.

Question 3

What is the line of definition for abduction and adduction for the toes.

Answer 3

The second digit.

Question 4

What does the ankle joint consist of?

Answer 4

The talus, tibia, and fibula.

Question 5

What is the roof, medial, and lateral aspect of the socket created in the knee joints?

Answer 5

Roof: tibia
Medial: medial malleolus of the tibia
Lateral: lateral malleolus of the fibula

Question 6

In which position is the ankle joint more stable?

Answer 6

Dorsoflexion since the articular surface of the talus is wider anteriorly.

Question 7

What strengthens the ankle joint?

Answer 7

Medial (deltoid) and lateral ligaments.

Question 8

What is the division of the medial ligament of the ankle?

Answer 8

The tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, posterior and anterior tibiotalar ligaments.

Question 9

What does the tibionavicular ligament originate from?

Answer 9

The medial malleolus

All medial ligaments originate from the medial malleolus.

Question 10

What does the tibionavicular ligament attach to?

Answer 10

The navicular tuberosity and the spring ligament.

Question 11

What does the tibiocalcaneal ligament attach to?

Answer 11

The sustentaculum tali.

Question 12

What is the origin of the tibiocalcaneal ligament?

Answer 12

The medial malleolus.

Question 13

What does the posterior tibiotalar ligament attach to?

Answer 13

The medial tubercle of the talus.

Question 14

What does the anterior tibiotalar ligament attach to?

Answer 14

Medial surface of the talus.

Question 15

True or false?

The anterior tibiotalar ligament is the outermost ligament!

Answer 15

False, it is located deep to the tibionavicular and tibiocalcaneal parts of the deltoid ligament.

Question 16

What are the 3 lateral ligaments?

Answer 16

The anterior talofibular ligament, the posterior talofibular ligament, and the talocalcaneal ligament.

Question 17

What forms the subtalar joint?

Answer 17

The posterior facet of:
1) the inferior of the talus.
2) the superior of the calcaneus.

Question 18

Why is the subtalar joint considered a joint and not just a space?

Answer 18

It has both a synovial and fibrous membrane.

Question 19

What does the subtalar joint support?

Answer 19

Gliding and rotation.

GR IE? (read: geer ye?), seolah-olah dia ini joint padahal aslie kita ngira ngga. (it sound retarded)

Question 20

What ligaments support the subtalar joint?

Answer 20

The lateral, medial, posterior, and interosseus talocalcaneal ligaments supports the joint.

LMP - IO

Question 21

What is a complex joint involved in the foot?

Answer 21

The talocalcaneonavicular joint.

Question 22

What forms the talocalcaneonavicular joint?

Answer 22

The anterior and middle facets of the:
1. Inferior talus
2. Superior calcaneus

Question 23

What is the supported movement of TCN joint?

Answer 23

Gliding and rotation.

Involved in inversion, eversion, supination, and pronation.

Question 24

What reinforces the talocalcaneonavicular joint?

Answer 24

1) Superiorly by the interosseus talonavicular ligament
2) Inferiorly by the calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament.
3) Posteriorly by the talocalcaneal ligament.
4) Laterally by the bifurcate ligament (calcaneocuboid and calcaneonavicular ligament).

Question 25

What forms the calcaneocuboid joint?

Answer 25

The anterior calcaneal facet and the posterior cuboid facet.

Question 26

What movement is supported by the calcaneocuboid joint?

Answer 26

Sliding and rotation. ## Footnote SR IE (read: sorry ye) involved with inversion and eversion.

Question 27

What ligament strengthens the calcaneocuboid joint?

Answer 27

The bifurcate ligament, the long plantar ligament, the short plantar ligament (calcaneocuboid).

Question 28

What is the origin of the long plantar ligament?

Answer 28

In between the calcaneal tuberosity and tubercle.

Question 29

What is the attachment of the long plantar ligament?

Answer 29

Inferior surface of navicular tubercle. | Behind the fibularis longus tendon.

Question 30

True or false? The tarsometatarsal joint of the great toe and the medial cuneiform allows for greater motion than other joints.

Answer 30

Yes, particularly flexion, extension, and rotation.

Question 32

What does the metatarsophalangeal joint allow?

Answer 32

Extension, flexion, limited adduction, abduction, rotation, and circumduction.

Question 33

What is a bunion?

Answer 33

A significant bone protrubance signifying the tarsometatarsal joint.

Question 34

What are some bunion disorders?

Answer 34

Hallux valgus (thumb), Tailor's bunion (little), dorsal bunion.

Question 35

What are the ligaments that connect the dorsal aspect of metatarsals?

Answer 35

Deep transverse metatarsal ligaments.